Relationship between Metabolic Syndrome and Mediterranean Diet in Adolescents: A Cross-Sectional Study Metabolic Syndrome and Mediterranean Diet
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Keywords
Mediterranean diet, Metabolic syndrome, Adolescents, KIDMED
Abstract
Objectives: The objective of the present study is to investigate the relationship between Metabolic
Syndrome (MetS) and Mediterranean Diet in adolescents. Methods: This cross sectional study included 367
adolescents who visited Primary Health Service Centers in 7 cities in Turkey. Participants’ biochemical parameters, anthropometric measurements and blood pressures were measured. The level of adherence to Mediterranean Diet was evaluated by a clinical questionnaire, the Mediterranean Diet Quality Index for children
and adolescents (KIDMED). Results: A poor adherence to Mediterranean diet was seen in 31,9% of subjects,
while 68,1% had a medium-high compliance. In total, 51,2% adolescents with MetS had poor adherence
to a Mediterranean diet. Although the data were not statistically significant, most of the participants with
metabolic syndrome physically inactive and skipped meals. In this study the prevalence of MetS was 21,8%.
IFG, hypertension and abdominal obesity were more frequent in girls compared to boys (p<0,001). A poor
adherence to Mediterranean diet group showed the highest level of triglycerides level when compared with
those with medium-high adherence to a Mediterranean diet. Conclusions: A poor adherence to Mediterranean
diet is associated with MetS. Results support the need to engage adolescents in regular physical activity and
adherence to the Mediterranean diet.
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