Clinical study on the influence of tea drinking habits on bone mineral density and osteoporosis in postmenopausal women in Fuzhou city, China
Main Article Content
Keywords
Tea drinking habits, Postmenopausal women, Bone mineral density, Osteoporosis
Abstract
Objective: To analyze the influence of tea drinking habits on bone mineral density (BMD) and osteoporosis (OP) in Chinese postmenopausal women in Fuzhou city after adjusting for the effects of confounding factors such as age, living habits, and diseases.
Methods: 1134 cases of postmenopausal women living in Fuzhou city were randomly investigated, among which 947 cases met the requirements. There were 502 cases in the non-tea-drinking group, 326 cases in the occasional-tea-drinking group, and 119 cases in the daily-tea-drinking group. Researchers surveyed subjects' age, menopause age, living habits, disease, and other factors. Body mass index (BMI) was calculated based on height and weight. BMD in the lumbar spine and hip was measured by dual-energy X-ray (DXA) absorptiometry.
Results: Among the 947 postmenopausal women, 53.1% were non-tea-drinkers, 34.42% were occasional tea-drinkers, and 12.57% were daily-tea drinkers. The lumbar spine BMD of the daily-tea-drinking group was (0.788±0.115) kg / cm2, which was higher than the non-tea-drinking group of (0.737±0.106) kg / cm2 (p <0.001), The total femur BMD of the daily tea-drinking was (0.754±0.105) kg / cm2 higher than the non-tea-drinking group's (0.737±0.106)kg / cm2, and the difference is statistically significant (p <0.001); The results of multiple linear regression analysis showed that daily tea-drinking was positively correlated with the BMD of the lumbar spine and total femur. The results of multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that drinking tea daily was an independent protective factor for osteoporosis.
Conclusion: Drinking tea daily helps Chinese postmenopausal women maintain BMD in the lumbar spine and the total femur, and it could be an independent protective factor for osteoporosis.
Keywords: Tea drinking habits, Postmenopausal women, Bone mineral density
References
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4. Mishra, S, Jeanneau, E, Daniele, S, Ledoux, G Disaster Prevention is Acting in China——The Interpretation of White Paper on Disaster Prevention of China. Brazilian journal of medical and biological research.2000;33:701-708.
5. Qiang, Z, Na, L, Qianqian, W, Jian, F, Dongmao, S, Qiu, Z. The Prevalence of Osteoporosis in China, a Nationwide, Multicenter DXA Survey. Journal of bone and mineral research: the official journal of the American Society for Bone and Mineral Research.2019;34.
6. Cosman, F, Beur, SJD, Leboff, MS, Lewiecki, EM, Tanner, B, Randall, S Clinician’s Guide to Prevention and Treatment of Osteoporosis. Osteoporosis International.2014;25:2359-2381.
7. Peng, C, Li, Z, Hu, Y Prevalence of osteoporosis in China: a meta-analysis and systematic review. Bmc Public Health.2016;16:1039.
8. Qiu, C, Chen, H, Wen, J, Zhu, P, Lin, F, Huang, B Associations between age at menarche and menopause with cardiovascular disease, diabetes, and osteoporosis in Chinese women. The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism.2013;98:1612-1621.
9. Koo, YB, Yun, LD, Chul, PM, Hyun, CS, Moo, PH, Min, CY Effects of Combination Therapy of Alendronate and Hormonal Therapy on Bone Mineral Density in Postmenopausal Korean Women: Multicenter, Randomized Controlled Clinical Trial. Journal of Korean medical science.2017;32.
10. Dhanwal, DK, Cooper, C, Dennison, EM Geographic Variation in Osteoporotic Hip Fracture Incidence: The Growing Importance of Asian Influences in Coming Decades. Journal of Osteoporosis.2010;2010:1-5.
11. El Maghraoui, A, Ngbanda, AR, Bensaoud, N, Bensaoud, M, Rezqi, A, Tazi, MA Age-adjusted incidence rates of hip fractures between 2006 and 2009 in Rabat, Morocco. Osteoporosis international: a journal established as result of cooperation between the European Foundation for Osteoporosis and the National Osteoporosis Foundation of the USA.2013;24:1267-1273.
12. Chen, P, Li, Z, Hu, Y Prevalence of osteoporosis in China: a meta-analysis and systematic review. Bmc Public Health.2016;16:1039.
13. Si, L, Winzenberg, TM, Jiang, Q, Chen, M, Palmer, AJ Projection of osteoporosis-related fractures and costs in China: 2010-2050. Osteoporosis international: a journal established as result of cooperation between the European Foundation for Osteoporosis and the National Osteoporosis Foundation of the USA.2015;26:1929-1937.
14. Ng, TP, Aung, KCY, Feng, L, Feng, L, Nyunt, MSZ, Yap, KB Tea consumption and physical function in older adults: a cross-sectional study. The journal of nutrition, health & aging.2014;18:161-166.
15. OyetakinWhite, P, Tribout, H, Baron, E Protective mechanisms of green tea polyphenols in skin. Oxidative medicine and cellular longevity.2012;2012:560682.
16. Genant, HK, Cooper, C, Poor, G, Reid, I, Ehrlich, G, Kanis, J Interim report and recommendations of the World Health Organization Task-Force for Osteoporosis. Osteoporos Int.1999; 10:259-264.
17. Nash, LA, Ward, WE Tea and bone health: Findings from human studies, potential mechanisms, and identification of knowledge gaps. Critical reviews in food science and nutrition.2017;57:1603-1617.
18. Rietveld, A, Wiseman, S Antioxidant effects of tea: evidence from human clinical trials. Journal of Nutrition.2003;133:3285S.
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20. Henning, SM, Niu, Y, Lee, NH, Thames, GD, Minutti, RR, Wang, H Bioavailability and antioxidant activity of tea flavanols after consumption of green tea, black tea, or a green tea extract supplement. American Journal of Clinical Nutrition.2004;80:1558-1564.
21. Luczaj, W, Skrzydlewska, E Antioxidative properties of black tea. Preventive Medicine. 2005;40:910-918.
22. Leung, L, Su, Y, Chen, R, Zhang, Z, Huang, Y, Chen, Z Theaflavins in black tea and catechins in green tea are equally effective antioxidants. Journal of Nutrition.2001;131:2248-2251.
23. Tsao, R Chemistry and biochemistry of dietary polyphenols. Nutrients.2010;2:1231-1246.
24. Ikue, W, Shinichi, K, Masako, K, Toshimasa, S, Kaori, OM, Naoki, N Green tea and death from pneumonia in Japan: the Ohsaki cohort study. American Journal of Clinical Nutrition.2009;90:672-679.
25. Odegaard, AO, Pereira, MA, Woon-Puay, K, Kazuko, A, Hin-Peng, L, Yu, MC Coffee, tea, and incident type 2 diabetes: the Singapore Chinese Health Study. American Journal of Clinical Nutrition.2008;88:979-985.
26. Feng, L, Ng, TP, Niti, M, Kua, EH, Yap, KB P4-020: Tea consumption and cognitive impairment and decline. American Journal of Clinical Nutrition.2008;4:T673.
27. Niu, K, Hozawa, A, Kuriyama, S, Ebihara, S, Guo, H, Nakaya, N Green tea consumption is associated with depressive symptoms in the elderly. American Journal of Clinical Nutrition.2009;90:1615.
28. Atsushi, H, Shinichi, K, Naoki, N, Kaori, OM, Masako, K, Toshimasa, S Green tea consumption is associated with lower psychological distress in a general population: the Ohsaki Cohort 2006 Study. American Journal of Clinical Nutrition.2009;90:1390-1396.
29. Kawada, Tomoyuki Green tea consumption and risk of cardiovascular disease or stroke. International Journal of Cardiology.2016:S1935790198X.
30. Makiuchi, T, Sobue, T, Kitamura, T, Ishihara, J, Sawada, N, Iwasaki, M Association between green tea/coffee consumption and biliary tract cancer: A population-based cohort study in Japan. Cancer Science.2016;107:76-83.
31. Yin, J, Duan, S, Liu, FC, Yao, QK, Tu, S, Xu, Y Blood pressure is associated with tea consumption: A cross-sectional study in a rural, elderly population of Jiangsu China. Journal of Nutrition Health & Aging.2017.
32. G, CAF, Alessandro, C Polyphenols Effect on Circulating Lipids and Lipoproteins: From Biochemistry to Clinical Evidence. Current pharmaceutical design.2018;24.
33. Lambert, JD Does tea prevent cancer? Evidence from laboratory and human intervention studies. The American journal of clinical nutrition.2013;98:1667S-1675S.
34. Kawahara, T, Fusayasu, S, Izumi, K, Yokomizo, Y, Ito, H, Ito, Y Bone management in Japanese patients with prostate cancer: hormonal therapy leads to an increase in the FRAX score. Bmc Urology.2016;16:1-6.
35. Shen, C, Yeh, JK, Cao, JJ, Wang, J Green tea and bone metabolism. Nutrition Research.2009;29.
36. Chwan-Li, S, Ming-Chien, C Tea flavonoids for bone health. Journal of investigative medicine.2016;64.
37. Stodt, U, Engelhardt, UH Progress in the analysis of selected tea constituents over the past 20years. Food Research International.2013;53:636-648.
38. Vali, B, Rao, LG, El-Sohemy, A Epigallocatechin-3-gallate increases the formation of mineralized bone nodules by human osteoblast-like cells. The Journal of Nutritional Biochemistry.2006;18.
39. Eun-Mi, C, Jae-Kwan, H Effects of (+)-catechin on the function of osteoblastic cells. Biological & Pharmaceutical Bulletin.2003;26.
40. Singh, BN, Shankar, S, Srivastava, RK Green tea catechin, epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG): mechanisms, perspectives and clinical applications. Biochemical pharmacology.2011;82:1807-1821.
41. Shen, C, Wang, PJ, Yeh, J, Wang, J Protective effect of green tea polyphenols on bone loss in middle-aged female rats. Osteoporosis International.2008;19:979-990.
42. Chwan-Li, S, Yeh, JK, Stoecker, BJ, Ming-Chien, C, Jia-Sheng, W Green tea polyphenols mitigate deterioration of bone microarchitecture in middle-aged female rats. Bone.2009;44:684-690.
43. Shen, C, Yeh, JK, Cao, JJ, Tatum, OL, Dagda, RY, Wang, J Green tea polyphenols mitigate bone loss of female rats in a chronic inflammation-induced bone loss model. The Journal of nutritional biochemistry.2010;21:968-974.
44. Grosso, G, Stepaniak, U, Micek, A, Stefler, D, Bobak, M, Pająk, A Dietary polyphenols are inversely associated with metabolic syndrome in Polish adults of the HAPIEE study. European Journal of Nutrition.2016;56:1-12.
45. Al-Othman, A, Al-Musharaf, S, Al-Daghri, NM, Yakout, S, Alkharfy, KM, Al-Saleh, Y Tea and coffee consumption in relation to vitamin D and calcium levels in Saudi adolescents..2012;11.
46. Sugimoto, T, Sato, M, Dehle, FC, Brnabic, AJM, Weston, A, Burge, R Lifestyle-Related Metabolic Disorders, Osteoporosis, and Fracture Risk in Asia: A Systematic Review. Value in Health the Journal of the International Society for Pharmacoeconomics & Outcomes Research.2016;9:49-56.
47. Harris, SS, Dawson-Hughes, B Caffeine and bone loss in healthy postmenopausal women. American Journal of Clinical Nutrition.1994;60:573-578.
48. Rapuri, PB, Gallagher, JC, Kinyamu, HK, Ryschon, KL Caffeine intake increases the rate of bone loss in elderly women and interacts with vitamin D receptor genotypes. American Journal of Clinical Nutrition.2001;74:694.
49. Tsuang, YH, Sun, JS, Chen, LT, Sun, CK, Chen, SC Direct effects of caffeine on osteoblastic cells metabolism: the possible causal effect of caffeine on the formation of osteoporosis. Journal of Orthopaedic Surgery & Research.2006;1:7.
50. Massey, LK, Whiting, SJ Caffeine, Urinary Calcium, Calcium Metabolism and Bone. Journal of Nutrition.1993;123:1611-1614.
51. Chan, PJ, Nurul, ZZ, Chuah, JS, Nabil, MMA, Isa, NM, Sabarul, AM Association between risk factors of osteoporosis and Bone Mineral Density in women of different ethnic groups in a Malaysian hospital. International Journal of Osteoporosis & Metabolic Disorders.2014;7:1-11.
52. Giray, E The Prevalence of Osteoporosis in the Thrace Region of Turkey: A Community-Based Study. FTR - Turkiye Fiziksel Tip ve Rehabilitasyon Dergisi.2013;60:335-340.
53. Keramat, A, Patwardhan, B, Larijani, B, Chopra, A, Mithal, A, Chakravarty, D The assessment of osteoporosis risk factors in Iranian women compared with Indian women. Bmc Musculoskeletal Disorders.2008;9:1-10.
54. Zhang, ZF, Yang, J, Jiang, H, Lai, Z, Wu, F, Liu, Z Updated association of tea consumption and bone mineral density. Medicine.2017;96:e6437.
55. Kang, S, Le, W, Ma, Q, Cui, Q, Lv, Q, Zhang, W Association between tea consumption and osteoporosis: A meta-analysis. Medicine.2017;96:e9034.
56. Ng, TP, Aung, KCY, Feng, L, Feng, L, Nyunt, MSZ, Yap, KB Tea consumption and physical function in older adults: a cross-sectional study. Journal of Nutrition Health & Aging.2014;18:161-166.
57. Hamdi, KI, Aydin, S, Gemalmaz, A, Aktürk, Z, Yaman, H, Bozdemir, N Habitual tea drinking and bone mineral density in postmenopausal Turkish women: investigation of prevalence of postmenopausal osteoporosis in Turkey (IPPOT Study). International Journal for Vitamin & Nutrition Research.2007;77:389-397.
58. Beyazal, MS, Çapkın, E, Güler, M, Çakırbay, H, Tosun, M The Relationship of Osteoporosis Risk Factors with Bone Mineral Density in Patients Admitted Our Outpatient Clinic in Trabzon. Türk Osteoporoz Dergisi.2016.
59. Dostal, AM, Arikawa, A, Espejo, L, Kurzer, MS Long-Term Supplementation of Green Tea Extract Does Not Modify Adiposity or Bone Mineral Density in a Randomized Trial of Overweight and Obese Postmenopausal Women. Journal of Nutrition.2016;146:256.
60. Muraki, S, Yamamoto, S, Ishibashi, H, Oka, H, Yoshimura, N, Kawaguchi, H Diet and lifestyle associated with increased bone mineral density: cross-sectional study of Japanese elderly women at an osteoporosis outpatient clinic. Journal of Orthopaedic Science.2007;12:317-320.
61. Yasutake, T, Masako, K, Naoki, N, Toru, T, Toshimasa, S, Shinichi, K Green tea consumption and the risk of incident functional disability in elderly Japanese: the Ohsaki Cohort 2006 Study. American Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry.2016;24:881-889.
62. Park, S, Joo, S, Min, H, Park, JK, Kim, Y, Kim, SS Dietary patterns and osteoporosis risk in postmenopausal korean women. Osong public health and research perspectives.2012;3:199-205.
63. Rietveld, A, Wiseman, S Antioxidant effects of tea: evidence from human clinical trials. The Journal of nutrition.2003;133:3285S-3292S.
2. Qu, B, Ma, Y, Yan, M, Wu, H, Fan, L, Liao, D The economic burden of fracture patients with osteoporosis in western China. Osteoporosis international: a journal established as result of cooperation between the European Foundation for Osteoporosis and the National Osteoporosis Foundation of the USA.2014;25:1853-1860.
3. Banister, J, Bloom, DE, Rosenberg, L Population Aging and Economic Growth in China. In, pp. 114-149.: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 2012.
4. Mishra, S, Jeanneau, E, Daniele, S, Ledoux, G Disaster Prevention is Acting in China——The Interpretation of White Paper on Disaster Prevention of China. Brazilian journal of medical and biological research.2000;33:701-708.
5. Qiang, Z, Na, L, Qianqian, W, Jian, F, Dongmao, S, Qiu, Z. The Prevalence of Osteoporosis in China, a Nationwide, Multicenter DXA Survey. Journal of bone and mineral research: the official journal of the American Society for Bone and Mineral Research.2019;34.
6. Cosman, F, Beur, SJD, Leboff, MS, Lewiecki, EM, Tanner, B, Randall, S Clinician’s Guide to Prevention and Treatment of Osteoporosis. Osteoporosis International.2014;25:2359-2381.
7. Peng, C, Li, Z, Hu, Y Prevalence of osteoporosis in China: a meta-analysis and systematic review. Bmc Public Health.2016;16:1039.
8. Qiu, C, Chen, H, Wen, J, Zhu, P, Lin, F, Huang, B Associations between age at menarche and menopause with cardiovascular disease, diabetes, and osteoporosis in Chinese women. The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism.2013;98:1612-1621.
9. Koo, YB, Yun, LD, Chul, PM, Hyun, CS, Moo, PH, Min, CY Effects of Combination Therapy of Alendronate and Hormonal Therapy on Bone Mineral Density in Postmenopausal Korean Women: Multicenter, Randomized Controlled Clinical Trial. Journal of Korean medical science.2017;32.
10. Dhanwal, DK, Cooper, C, Dennison, EM Geographic Variation in Osteoporotic Hip Fracture Incidence: The Growing Importance of Asian Influences in Coming Decades. Journal of Osteoporosis.2010;2010:1-5.
11. El Maghraoui, A, Ngbanda, AR, Bensaoud, N, Bensaoud, M, Rezqi, A, Tazi, MA Age-adjusted incidence rates of hip fractures between 2006 and 2009 in Rabat, Morocco. Osteoporosis international: a journal established as result of cooperation between the European Foundation for Osteoporosis and the National Osteoporosis Foundation of the USA.2013;24:1267-1273.
12. Chen, P, Li, Z, Hu, Y Prevalence of osteoporosis in China: a meta-analysis and systematic review. Bmc Public Health.2016;16:1039.
13. Si, L, Winzenberg, TM, Jiang, Q, Chen, M, Palmer, AJ Projection of osteoporosis-related fractures and costs in China: 2010-2050. Osteoporosis international: a journal established as result of cooperation between the European Foundation for Osteoporosis and the National Osteoporosis Foundation of the USA.2015;26:1929-1937.
14. Ng, TP, Aung, KCY, Feng, L, Feng, L, Nyunt, MSZ, Yap, KB Tea consumption and physical function in older adults: a cross-sectional study. The journal of nutrition, health & aging.2014;18:161-166.
15. OyetakinWhite, P, Tribout, H, Baron, E Protective mechanisms of green tea polyphenols in skin. Oxidative medicine and cellular longevity.2012;2012:560682.
16. Genant, HK, Cooper, C, Poor, G, Reid, I, Ehrlich, G, Kanis, J Interim report and recommendations of the World Health Organization Task-Force for Osteoporosis. Osteoporos Int.1999; 10:259-264.
17. Nash, LA, Ward, WE Tea and bone health: Findings from human studies, potential mechanisms, and identification of knowledge gaps. Critical reviews in food science and nutrition.2017;57:1603-1617.
18. Rietveld, A, Wiseman, S Antioxidant effects of tea: evidence from human clinical trials. Journal of Nutrition.2003;133:3285S.
19. Yu, LC, Duan, J, Yue, MJ, Shi, J, Kakuda, Y Production, Quality, and Biological Effects of Oolong Tea (Camellia sinensis). Food Reviews International.2011;27.
20. Henning, SM, Niu, Y, Lee, NH, Thames, GD, Minutti, RR, Wang, H Bioavailability and antioxidant activity of tea flavanols after consumption of green tea, black tea, or a green tea extract supplement. American Journal of Clinical Nutrition.2004;80:1558-1564.
21. Luczaj, W, Skrzydlewska, E Antioxidative properties of black tea. Preventive Medicine. 2005;40:910-918.
22. Leung, L, Su, Y, Chen, R, Zhang, Z, Huang, Y, Chen, Z Theaflavins in black tea and catechins in green tea are equally effective antioxidants. Journal of Nutrition.2001;131:2248-2251.
23. Tsao, R Chemistry and biochemistry of dietary polyphenols. Nutrients.2010;2:1231-1246.
24. Ikue, W, Shinichi, K, Masako, K, Toshimasa, S, Kaori, OM, Naoki, N Green tea and death from pneumonia in Japan: the Ohsaki cohort study. American Journal of Clinical Nutrition.2009;90:672-679.
25. Odegaard, AO, Pereira, MA, Woon-Puay, K, Kazuko, A, Hin-Peng, L, Yu, MC Coffee, tea, and incident type 2 diabetes: the Singapore Chinese Health Study. American Journal of Clinical Nutrition.2008;88:979-985.
26. Feng, L, Ng, TP, Niti, M, Kua, EH, Yap, KB P4-020: Tea consumption and cognitive impairment and decline. American Journal of Clinical Nutrition.2008;4:T673.
27. Niu, K, Hozawa, A, Kuriyama, S, Ebihara, S, Guo, H, Nakaya, N Green tea consumption is associated with depressive symptoms in the elderly. American Journal of Clinical Nutrition.2009;90:1615.
28. Atsushi, H, Shinichi, K, Naoki, N, Kaori, OM, Masako, K, Toshimasa, S Green tea consumption is associated with lower psychological distress in a general population: the Ohsaki Cohort 2006 Study. American Journal of Clinical Nutrition.2009;90:1390-1396.
29. Kawada, Tomoyuki Green tea consumption and risk of cardiovascular disease or stroke. International Journal of Cardiology.2016:S1935790198X.
30. Makiuchi, T, Sobue, T, Kitamura, T, Ishihara, J, Sawada, N, Iwasaki, M Association between green tea/coffee consumption and biliary tract cancer: A population-based cohort study in Japan. Cancer Science.2016;107:76-83.
31. Yin, J, Duan, S, Liu, FC, Yao, QK, Tu, S, Xu, Y Blood pressure is associated with tea consumption: A cross-sectional study in a rural, elderly population of Jiangsu China. Journal of Nutrition Health & Aging.2017.
32. G, CAF, Alessandro, C Polyphenols Effect on Circulating Lipids and Lipoproteins: From Biochemistry to Clinical Evidence. Current pharmaceutical design.2018;24.
33. Lambert, JD Does tea prevent cancer? Evidence from laboratory and human intervention studies. The American journal of clinical nutrition.2013;98:1667S-1675S.
34. Kawahara, T, Fusayasu, S, Izumi, K, Yokomizo, Y, Ito, H, Ito, Y Bone management in Japanese patients with prostate cancer: hormonal therapy leads to an increase in the FRAX score. Bmc Urology.2016;16:1-6.
35. Shen, C, Yeh, JK, Cao, JJ, Wang, J Green tea and bone metabolism. Nutrition Research.2009;29.
36. Chwan-Li, S, Ming-Chien, C Tea flavonoids for bone health. Journal of investigative medicine.2016;64.
37. Stodt, U, Engelhardt, UH Progress in the analysis of selected tea constituents over the past 20years. Food Research International.2013;53:636-648.
38. Vali, B, Rao, LG, El-Sohemy, A Epigallocatechin-3-gallate increases the formation of mineralized bone nodules by human osteoblast-like cells. The Journal of Nutritional Biochemistry.2006;18.
39. Eun-Mi, C, Jae-Kwan, H Effects of (+)-catechin on the function of osteoblastic cells. Biological & Pharmaceutical Bulletin.2003;26.
40. Singh, BN, Shankar, S, Srivastava, RK Green tea catechin, epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG): mechanisms, perspectives and clinical applications. Biochemical pharmacology.2011;82:1807-1821.
41. Shen, C, Wang, PJ, Yeh, J, Wang, J Protective effect of green tea polyphenols on bone loss in middle-aged female rats. Osteoporosis International.2008;19:979-990.
42. Chwan-Li, S, Yeh, JK, Stoecker, BJ, Ming-Chien, C, Jia-Sheng, W Green tea polyphenols mitigate deterioration of bone microarchitecture in middle-aged female rats. Bone.2009;44:684-690.
43. Shen, C, Yeh, JK, Cao, JJ, Tatum, OL, Dagda, RY, Wang, J Green tea polyphenols mitigate bone loss of female rats in a chronic inflammation-induced bone loss model. The Journal of nutritional biochemistry.2010;21:968-974.
44. Grosso, G, Stepaniak, U, Micek, A, Stefler, D, Bobak, M, Pająk, A Dietary polyphenols are inversely associated with metabolic syndrome in Polish adults of the HAPIEE study. European Journal of Nutrition.2016;56:1-12.
45. Al-Othman, A, Al-Musharaf, S, Al-Daghri, NM, Yakout, S, Alkharfy, KM, Al-Saleh, Y Tea and coffee consumption in relation to vitamin D and calcium levels in Saudi adolescents..2012;11.
46. Sugimoto, T, Sato, M, Dehle, FC, Brnabic, AJM, Weston, A, Burge, R Lifestyle-Related Metabolic Disorders, Osteoporosis, and Fracture Risk in Asia: A Systematic Review. Value in Health the Journal of the International Society for Pharmacoeconomics & Outcomes Research.2016;9:49-56.
47. Harris, SS, Dawson-Hughes, B Caffeine and bone loss in healthy postmenopausal women. American Journal of Clinical Nutrition.1994;60:573-578.
48. Rapuri, PB, Gallagher, JC, Kinyamu, HK, Ryschon, KL Caffeine intake increases the rate of bone loss in elderly women and interacts with vitamin D receptor genotypes. American Journal of Clinical Nutrition.2001;74:694.
49. Tsuang, YH, Sun, JS, Chen, LT, Sun, CK, Chen, SC Direct effects of caffeine on osteoblastic cells metabolism: the possible causal effect of caffeine on the formation of osteoporosis. Journal of Orthopaedic Surgery & Research.2006;1:7.
50. Massey, LK, Whiting, SJ Caffeine, Urinary Calcium, Calcium Metabolism and Bone. Journal of Nutrition.1993;123:1611-1614.
51. Chan, PJ, Nurul, ZZ, Chuah, JS, Nabil, MMA, Isa, NM, Sabarul, AM Association between risk factors of osteoporosis and Bone Mineral Density in women of different ethnic groups in a Malaysian hospital. International Journal of Osteoporosis & Metabolic Disorders.2014;7:1-11.
52. Giray, E The Prevalence of Osteoporosis in the Thrace Region of Turkey: A Community-Based Study. FTR - Turkiye Fiziksel Tip ve Rehabilitasyon Dergisi.2013;60:335-340.
53. Keramat, A, Patwardhan, B, Larijani, B, Chopra, A, Mithal, A, Chakravarty, D The assessment of osteoporosis risk factors in Iranian women compared with Indian women. Bmc Musculoskeletal Disorders.2008;9:1-10.
54. Zhang, ZF, Yang, J, Jiang, H, Lai, Z, Wu, F, Liu, Z Updated association of tea consumption and bone mineral density. Medicine.2017;96:e6437.
55. Kang, S, Le, W, Ma, Q, Cui, Q, Lv, Q, Zhang, W Association between tea consumption and osteoporosis: A meta-analysis. Medicine.2017;96:e9034.
56. Ng, TP, Aung, KCY, Feng, L, Feng, L, Nyunt, MSZ, Yap, KB Tea consumption and physical function in older adults: a cross-sectional study. Journal of Nutrition Health & Aging.2014;18:161-166.
57. Hamdi, KI, Aydin, S, Gemalmaz, A, Aktürk, Z, Yaman, H, Bozdemir, N Habitual tea drinking and bone mineral density in postmenopausal Turkish women: investigation of prevalence of postmenopausal osteoporosis in Turkey (IPPOT Study). International Journal for Vitamin & Nutrition Research.2007;77:389-397.
58. Beyazal, MS, Çapkın, E, Güler, M, Çakırbay, H, Tosun, M The Relationship of Osteoporosis Risk Factors with Bone Mineral Density in Patients Admitted Our Outpatient Clinic in Trabzon. Türk Osteoporoz Dergisi.2016.
59. Dostal, AM, Arikawa, A, Espejo, L, Kurzer, MS Long-Term Supplementation of Green Tea Extract Does Not Modify Adiposity or Bone Mineral Density in a Randomized Trial of Overweight and Obese Postmenopausal Women. Journal of Nutrition.2016;146:256.
60. Muraki, S, Yamamoto, S, Ishibashi, H, Oka, H, Yoshimura, N, Kawaguchi, H Diet and lifestyle associated with increased bone mineral density: cross-sectional study of Japanese elderly women at an osteoporosis outpatient clinic. Journal of Orthopaedic Science.2007;12:317-320.
61. Yasutake, T, Masako, K, Naoki, N, Toru, T, Toshimasa, S, Shinichi, K Green tea consumption and the risk of incident functional disability in elderly Japanese: the Ohsaki Cohort 2006 Study. American Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry.2016;24:881-889.
62. Park, S, Joo, S, Min, H, Park, JK, Kim, Y, Kim, SS Dietary patterns and osteoporosis risk in postmenopausal korean women. Osong public health and research perspectives.2012;3:199-205.
63. Rietveld, A, Wiseman, S Antioxidant effects of tea: evidence from human clinical trials. The Journal of nutrition.2003;133:3285S-3292S.
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Li J-Y, Ge J-R, Chen J, Ye Y-J, Xie L-H, Li L, et al. Clinical study on the influence of tea drinking habits on bone mineral density and osteoporosis in postmenopausal women in Fuzhou city, China. Progr Nutr [Internet]. 2021 Mar. 31 [cited 2024 Jul. 18];23(1):e2021033. Available from: https://mattioli1885journals.com/index.php/progressinnutrition/article/view/9409
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How to Cite
1.
Li J-Y, Ge J-R, Chen J, Ye Y-J, Xie L-H, Li L, et al. Clinical study on the influence of tea drinking habits on bone mineral density and osteoporosis in postmenopausal women in Fuzhou city, China. Progr Nutr [Internet]. 2021 Mar. 31 [cited 2024 Jul. 18];23(1):e2021033. Available from: https://mattioli1885journals.com/index.php/progressinnutrition/article/view/9409
