Crocus sativus L. (saffron) extract reduces the extent of oxidative stress and proinflammatory state in aged rat kidney

Abstract

Aim: This study evaluated whether saffron hydro-ethanolic extract, has a protective effect on kidney through reducing the oxidative stress and inflammatory response in aged rats. Methods: In this study the changes in activities of antioxidant enzymes, lipid peroxidation, glutathione (GSH) levels and the expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines in the serum and renal tissues were evaluated by ELISA and RT-PCR, respectively. The middle and aged rats were given intraperitoneal injections of the saffron hydro-ethanolic extract for 4-week. After 4-week, animals were anesthetized with diethyl ether. The kidney samples were taken for biochemical analysis. Results: The results revealed the aging was associated with a significant decrease in the activities of antioxidant enzymes, and GSH content accompanied with increase in lipid peroxidation level in kidney of the aged rats. The increased levels of serum renal functional parameter, oxidative parameters and also pro-inflammatory cytokine levels were significantly reduced by the saffron hydro-ethanolic extract. The aged rats exhibited a dysregulation of the oxidative stress, and inflammation in the kidneys, but the saffron hydro-ethanolic extract treatment significantly reduced the expression of the inflammatory genes. Conclusions: These results provide a pivotal documentation that the saffron hydro-ethanolic extract has a renoprotective effects against the development of oxidative stress and inflammation in the kidney of old rats.