Modification of the microbiota in obese individuals following a Very Low-Calorie Ketogenic Diet

Maria Casillo; Vincenzo Monda; Rita Polito; Pierpaolo Limone; Anna Dipace; Ines Villano; Giovanni Messina; Sergio Chieffi; Antonietta Messina; Salvatore Allocca; Mariateresa Ricci; Fiorenzo Moscatelli; Antonietta Monda; Marcellino Monda

doi:10.23751/pn.v26i3-4.15752

Modification of the microbiota in obese individuals following a Very Low-Calorie Ketogenic Diet

Authors

Maria Casillo Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, Naples, Italy
Vincenzo Monda Department of Economics, Law, Cybersecurity, and Sports Sciences, University of Naples “Parthenope”, Naples, Italy
Rita Polito 3Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Foggia, Foggia, Italy
Pierpaolo Limone Department of Phychology and Education, Pegaso Telemetic University, Naples, Italy
Anna Dipace Department of Phychology and Education, Pegaso Telemetic University, Naples, Italy
Ines Villano Department of Wellness, Nutrition and Sport, Telematic University Pegaso, Naples, Italy
Giovanni Messina Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, Naples, Italy
Sergio Chieffi Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, Naples, Italy
Antonietta Messina Department of Precision Medicine, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, Naples, Italy
Salvatore Allocca Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, Naples, Italy
Mariateresa Ricci Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, Naples, Italy
Fiorenzo Moscatelli Department of Wellness, Nutrition and Sport, Telematic University Pegaso, Naples, Italy
Antonietta Monda Department of Human Science and Promotion of Quality of Life, Telematic University San Raffaele, Rome, Italy
Marcellino Monda Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, Naples, Italy

Keywords:

VLCKD, gut microbiota, Diet, Obesity

Abstract

Background and aim: Recent studies have shed light on the efficacy of Very Low Carbohydrate Ketogenic Diets (VLCKDs) in combating obesity. This review aims to explore the mechanisms by which VLCKDs influence weight loss, particularly through their interaction with the gut microbiota and modulation of the Enteric Nervous System (ENS). The symbiotic relationship between the gut microbiota and its host is essential for maintaining physiological homeostasis, and disturbances in this relationship can lead to various health issues, including obesity.

Methods: This review synthesizes findings from various studies that examine the impact of VLCKDs on the gut microbiota and ENS, and their subsequent effects on obesity. It delves into the dynamics of gut microbiota-host interactions and how VLCKDs can lead to a beneficial remodeling of the gut microbial ecosystem.

Results: Evidence suggests that VLCKDs can significantly alter the composition of the gut microbiota, leading to a state that favors weight loss and metabolic health. The diet's ability to modify the gut microbiota and ENS interaction plays a critical role in its effectiveness in reducing obesity and potentially rectifying gut dysbiosis.

Conclusions: VLCKDs have been confirmed to be effective in reducing obesity through their significant therapeutic potential, which includes modulating the gut microbiota and the ENS. The restoration of a balanced gut microbiota is crucial for combating obesity and its associated pathologies. VLCKDs emerge as a promising therapeutic approach, suggesting a paradigm shift in the treatment of obesity and related conditions by leveraging dietary interventions to manipulate the gut ecosystem.

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