A diabetes risk screening in Northern Cyprus: what we learned with FINDRISC.
Main Article Content
Keywords
Prediabetes, diabetes, diabetes risk, diabetes prevention, FINDRISC.
Abstract
Background: According to the data of IDF 2019, 463 million people with diabetes live in the world and it is predicted that this number will increase by 51% in the next 25 years and reach 700 million. T2 D is increasing due to industrialization, obesity, decreased physical activity and unhealthy lifestyle behaviors. Especially in individuals with a high risk of diabetes, physical activity intervention, development of healthy eating habits, obesity management and behavior change intervention reduce the development of diabetes by 58%.
Objective: The aim of this research was to determine diabetes risk score of nurses with FINDRISC questionnaire. The FINDRISC questionnaire is a cost-effective and fast-applied scoring that does not require any intervention.
Method: FINDRISC questionnaire was applied to the participants by face-to-face interview technique.
Results: It was determined that as the age, body mass index and waist circumference values increased parallel with the total score of FINDRISC.
Conclusion: It is important to perform screening studies to identify high-risk groups for Type 2 diabetes in order to prevent or delay the development of Type 2 diabetes. It is thought that identifying high-risk individuals and preventing the development of diabetes by lifestyle changes can reduce both direct expenditures for medical care associated with the disease and indirect expenditures associated with loss of income and productivity.
Key Words:Prediabetes, diabetes, diabetes risk, diabetes prevention, FINDRISC.
References
2. International Diabetes Federation. IDF Atlas, 9th edd. 2019. Available from: https://www.diabetesatlas.org/en/.
3. Dall TM, Yang W, Halder P, Pang B, Massoudi M, Wintfeld N, et al. The economic burden of elevated blood glucose levels in 2012: Diagnosed and undiagnosed diabetes, gestational diabetes mellitus, and prediabetes. Diabetes Care. 2014;37(12):3172–9.
4. Shubrook JH, Chen W, Lim A. Evidence for the Prevention of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus. J Am Osteopath Assoc. 2018;118(11):730–737.
5. Eyre H, Kahn R, Robertson RM, Clark NG, Doyle C, Hong Y, et al. Preventing cancer, cardiovascular disease, and diabetes: a common agenda for the American Cancer Society, the American Diabetes Association, and the American Heart Association. Circulation. 2004;109(25):3244–55.
6. Xıao-Ren Pan M, Guang-Weı Li M, Ylng-Hua Hu M, Jı-Xıng Wang M, Wen-Yıng Yang M, Zuo-Xın An M, et al. Effects of Diet and Exercise in Preventing NIDDM in People With Impaired Glucose Tolerance. Diabetes Care. 1997;20(4):537–44.
7. Tuomilehto J, Lindström J, Eriksson JG, Valle TT, Hämäläinen H, Ilanne-Parikka P, et al. Prevention of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus by Changes in Lifestyle among Subjects with Impaired Glucose Tolerance. N Engl J Med. 2001;344(18):1343–50.
8. England TN. Reduction of the incidence of type 2 diabetes with lifestyle intervention or metformin. Int Urol Nephrol. 2002;34(1):162–3.
9. Eriksson KF, Lindgärde F. Prevention of Type 2 (non-insulin-dependent) diabetes mellitus by diet and physical exercise The 6-year Malmö feasibility study. Diabetologia. 1991;34(12):891–8.
10. Jaana Lindström M, Anne Louheranta P, Marjo Mannelın, et al. The Finnish Diabetes Prevention Study (DPS). Diabetes Care [Internet]. 2003;26(12):3230–6. Available from: http://care.diabetesjournals.org/content/26/12/3230.short
11. Group TDPP (DPP) R, From the Diabetes Prevention Program Coordinating Center, Biostatistics Center G, Washington University, Rockville M. The Diabetes Prevention Program (DPP): Description of lifestyle intervention. Diabetes. 2002;25(12):2162171.
12. Aschner P. New IDF clinical practice recommendations for managing type 2 diabetes in primary care. Vol. 132, Diabetes Research and Clinical Practice. 2017. 169–170 p.
13. Cyprus Turkish Diabetes Association. What is the Number of Diabetics in Our Country? [Internet]. Available from: https://diyabetdernegi.com/#sss001
14. Satman I, Dincçag N, Yılmaz MT, et al. Northern Cyprus: another high prevalence area of diabetes and impaired glucose tolerance in the Mediterranean. Diabetologia. 1997;40(A185).
15. International Diabetes Federation. Finnish Type 2 Diabetes Risk Assessment Form [Internet]. Available from: https://www.idf.org/296-homepage/about-wdd/511-prevention-of-type-2-diabetes.html
16. Lindström J, Tuomilehto J. The diabetes risk score. Diabetes Care. 2003;26(3):725–31.
17. Pekcan G. Beslenme durumunun saptanması. T.C. Sağlık Bakanlığı Temel Sağlık Hizmetleri Genel Müdürlüğü Beslenme ve Fiziksel Aktiviteler Daire Başkanlığı. 2008. 1–52 p.
18. Böhme P, Luc A, Gillet P, Thilly N. Effectiveness of a type 2 diabetes prevention program combining FINDRISC scoring and telephone-based coaching in the French population of bakery/pastry employees. Eur J Clin Nutr [Internet]. 2020;74(3):409–18. Available from: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41430-019-0472-3
19. Wild, Roglic, Green, Sicree & K. Estimates for the year 2000 and projections for 2030. World Health. 2004;27(5).
20. Linde RB, Palaniappan LP. Subgroups in a Clinical Population. 2012;93(2):248–54.
21. Carey VJ, Walters EE, Colditz GA, Solomon CG, Willett WC, Rosner BA, et al. Body fat distribution and risk of non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus in women: The nurses’ health study. Am J Epidemiol. 1997;145(7):614–9.
22. Satman I, Yilmaz T, Sengül A, et al. Population-based study of diabetes and risk characteristics in Turkey: Results of the Turkish Diabetes Epidemiology Study (TURDEP). Diabetes Care. 2002;25(9):1551–6.
23. Satman I, Omer B, Tutuncu Y, et al. Twelve-year trends in the prevalence and risk factors of diabetes and prediabetes in Turkish adults. Eur J Epidemiol. 2013;28(2):169–80.
24. Adult T, Factor R. TEKHARF 2003-2004 taraması katılımcılarının genel beslenme örüntüsü ve beslenme alışkanlıkları. 2006;34(6):331–9.
25. Atayoglu AT, Inanc N, Başmisirli E, et al. Evaluation of the Finnish Diabetes Risk Score (FINDRISC) for diabetes screening in Kayseri, Turkey. Prim Care Diabetes. 2020;14(5):488–93.
26. Cassano PA, Rosner B, Vokonas PS, et al. Obesity and body fat distribution in relation to the incidence of non-lnsulin-dependent diabetes mellitus: A prospective cohort study of men in the normative aging study. Am J Epidemiol. 1992;136(12):1474–86.
27. Mohammed Saleem S. Finnish Diabetic Risk Score: A Tool for Predicting Risk of Undiagnosed Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus. Ann Med Heal Sci Res [Internet]. 2017;7:295–8. Available from: https://www.amhsr.org/articles/finnish-diabetic-risk-score-a-tool-for-predicting-risk-of-undiagnosed-type-2-diabetes-mellitus.pdf
28. Eaton CB, Hartman SJ, Perzanowski E, et al. A randomized clinical trial of a tailored lifestyle intervention for obese, sedentary, primary care patients. Ann Fam Med. 2016;14(4):311–9.
29. ADA. ADA standards of diabetes care 2021. Vol. 44, The journal of clinical and applied research and education. 2021. p. S21–226.
30. Huang T, Qi Q, Zheng Y, et al. Genetic predisposition to central obesity and risk of type 2 diabetes: Two independent cohort studies. Diabetes Care. 2015;38(7):1306–11.
31. Bach-Faig A, Berry EM, Lairon D, et al. Mediterranean diet pyramid today. Science and cultural updates. Public Health Nutr. 2011;14(12A):2274–84.
32. Soldavini J. Krause’s Food & The Nutrition Care Process. Vol. 51, Journal of Nutrition Education and Behavior. 2019. 1225 p.
33. Toplak H, Hoppichler F, Wascher TC, et al. Obesity and type 2 diabetes. Wien Klin Wochenschr. 2016;128(2):196–200.
34. Wang PY, Fang JC, Gao ZH, et al. Higher intake of fruits, vegetables or their fiber reduces the risk of type 2 diabetes: A meta-analysis. J Diabetes Investig. 2016;7(1):56–69.
35. TEMD. Tıbbi Beslenme ve Egzersiz Metabolizması Kılavuzu [Internet]. 2020. Available from: www.temd.org.tr
36. Screening for type 2 diabetes in the adults population 2012 [Internet]. p. Canadian Task Force on Preventive Health Care. Available from: https://canadiantaskforce.ca/wp-content/uploads/2016/08/2012-type-2-diabetes-clinician-findrisc-en.pdf
37. Cosansu G, Celik S, Özcan S, et al. Determining type 2 diabetes risk factors for the adults: A community based study from Turkey. Prim Care Diabetes [Internet]. 2018;12(5):409–15. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pcd.2018.05.001
38. Odetti PR, Borgoglio A, De Pascale A, et al. Prevention of diabetes-increased aging effect on rat collagen-linked fluorescence by aminoguanidine and rutin. Diabetes. 1990;39(7):796–801.
39. Cai X, Zhang Y, Li M, et al. Association between prediabetes and risk of all cause mortality and cardiovascular disease: Updated meta-analysis. BMJ. 2020;370:848–9.
40. Cyprus. Cyprus Turkish Diabetes Association, Cyprus Diabetes Workshop: 2015.
Article Sidebar
Article Details
How to Cite
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.
This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0) which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Transfer of Copyright and Permission to Reproduce Parts of Published Papers.
Authors retain the copyright for their published work. No formal permission will be required to reproduce parts (tables or illustrations) of published papers, provided the source is quoted appropriately and reproduction has no commercial intent. Reproductions with commercial intent will require written permission and payment of royalties.
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.
How to Cite
