The effect of high protein products consumption on albumin serum in stunted children: A systematic review and meta-analysis

Nina Resti; Ahmad Syauqy; Gemala Anjani; Irwandi Jaswir; Diana Nur Afifah

doi:10.23751/pn.v27i4.17163

The effect of high protein products consumption on albumin serum in stunted children: A systematic review and meta-analysis

Authors

Nina Resti Doctoral Study Program of Medical and Health Sciences, Universitas Diponegoro, Semarang, Central Java https://orcid.org/0009-0001-9070-9130
Ahmad Syauqy Department of Nutrition Science, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Diponegoro, Jl. Prof. Sudarto, Tembalang, Semarang, Central Java, Indonesia https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9552-2834
Gemala Anjani Department of Nutrition Science, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Diponegoro, Jl. Prof. Sudarto, Tembalang, Semarang, Central Java, Indonesia https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7774-7693
Irwandi Jaswir Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Negeri Padang, West Sumatra, Indonesia. International Institute for Halal Research and Training, International Islamic University Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
Diana Nur Afifah Department of Nutrition Science, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Diponegoro, Jl. Prof. Sudarto, Tembalang, Semarang, Central Java, Indonesia. Laboratory of Sustainable Diets and Biodiversity, Center of Research and Service – Diponegoro University (CORES-DU), Integrated Laboratory, Universitas Diponegoro, Semarang, Central Java, Indonesia. https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8808-1826

Keywords:

child malnutrition, nutrition, protein, serum albumin

Abstract

Background and aim: To evaluate the effect of high-protein products on serum albumin levels for preventing stunting in children by combining statistical results from multiple studies meeting the inclusion criteria, providing a more precise estimate of the intervention's impact.

Methods: A comprehensive electronic search was conducted in Web of Science, Scopus, PubMed, and Semantic Scholar databases, covering publications from 2015 to 2024.

Methods: The study was designed with a PRISMA diagram for systematic reviews and Meta-analyses with standard guidelines and software Review Manager 5.4. The PICOTS framework (participants, intervention, comparison, outcomes, timing, and study design) guided the selection process. Inclusion criteria focused on trial studies investigating the effects of high-protein product consumption on serum albumin levels in stunted children.

Results: Meta-analysis using RevMan 5.4 demonstrated significant heterogeneity among studies was 0.85 (95% CI: -0.03-1.72); Chi² = 59.29, (I² = 92%,p <0,01) but a robust positive effect of high-protein supplementation on serum albumin levels (Z = 5.90). Funnel plot analysis revealed no significant publication bias, confirming the reliability of the included studies.

Conclusions: The meta-analysis confirms adequate protein supplementation positively influences serum albumin levels and supports fetal growth and stunting prevention.

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