The role of MRI in the management of a prostate cancer patient with bone and lymph nodes metastases. A case report.
Keywords:
prostate cancer, bone metastases, lymph node metastases, computed tomography, magnetic resonance imaging, multiparametric prostate magnetic resonance imaging, PI-RADS v2.1, skeletal-related events, low volume prostate cancerAbstract
The use of multiparametric prostate magnetic resonance imaging (mpMRI) is recommended, in the European Association of Urology (EAU) guidelines, for local staging of patients with prostate cancer (PCa). Systemic staging is recommended only for patients with unfavourable intermediate and high-risk disease; with bone and lymph node assessments usually being performed using bone scan (BS) and computed tomography (CT), respectively.
Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is the imaging technique with the highest sensitivity for the detection of bone metastases and has shown promising results also for lymph node assessments.
In this report we illustrate how MRI provided a comprehensive assessment of local disease as well as bone and lymph node metastases in a patient with PCa. (www.actabiomedica.it)
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3. Giovanella L, Castellani M, Suriano S, Ruberto T, Ceriani L, Tagliabue L, et al. Multi-field-of-view SPECT is superior to whole-body scanning for assessing metastatic bone disease in patients with prostate cancer. Tumori. 2011; 97:629–33. doi: 10.1700/989.10723
4. Shen G, Deng H, Hu S, Jia Z. Comparison of choline-PET/CT, MRI, SPECT, and bone scintigraphy in the diagnosis of bone metastases in patients with prostate cancer: a meta-analysis. Skeletal Radiol. 2014; 43:1503–13. doi: 10.1007/s00256-014-1903-9
5. Mottet N, Cornford P, van der Bergh RCN, Briers E, De Santis M, Fanti S, et al. EAU-EANM-ESTRO-ESUR-SIOG Guidelines on Prostate Cancer [Internet]. 2019 [2020 Nov 28].
6. Coleman RE, Croucher PI, Padhani AR, Clézardin P, Chow E, Fallon M, et al. Bone metastases. Nat Rev Dis Prim. 2020; 6:83. doi: 10.1038/s41572-020-00216-3
7. Padhani AR, Lecouvet FE, Tunariu N, Koh D, De Keyzer F, Collins DJ, et al. METastasis Reporting and Data System for Prostate Cancer: Practical Guidelines for Acquisition, Interpretation, and Reporting of Whole-body Magnetic Resonance Imaging-based Evaluations of Multiorgan Involvement in Advanced Prostate Cancer. Eur Urol. 2017; 71:81–92. doi: 10.1016/j.eururo.2016.05.033
8. Woo S, Suh CH, Kim SY, Cho JY, Kim SH. Diagnostic Performance of Magnetic Resonance Imaging for the Detection of Bone Metastasis in Prostate Cancer: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis. Eur Urol. 2018; 73:81–91. doi: 10.1016/j.eururo.2017.03.042
9. Turkbey B, Rosenkrantz AB, Haider MA, Padhani AR, Villeirs G, Macura KJ, et al. Prostate Imaging Reporting and Data System Version 2.1: 2019 Update of Prostate Imaging Reporting and Data System Version 2. Eur Urol. 2019; 76:340–51. doi: 10.1016/j.eururo.2019.02.033
10. Keller ET, Brown J. Prostate cancer bone metastases promote both osteolytic and osteoblastic activity. J Cell Biochem. 2004; 91:718–29. doi: 10.1002/jcb.10662
11. ROLAND SI. Calcium studies in ten cases of osteoblastic prostatic metastasis. J Urol. 1958; 79:339–42. doi: 10.1016/s0022-5347(17)66278-5
12. Sottnik JL, Keller ET. Understanding and targeting osteoclastic activity in prostate cancer bone metastases. Curr Mol Med. 2013; 13:626–39. doi: 10.2174/1566524011313040012
13. Mundy GR, Guise TA. Hypercalcemia of malignancy. Am J Med. 1997; 103:134–45. doi: 10.1016/s0002-9343(97)80047-2
14. Westendorf JJ, Kahler RA, Schroeder TM. Wnt signaling in osteoblasts and bone diseases. Gene. 2004; 341:19–39. doi: 10.1016/j.gene.2004.06.044
15. Shen G, Deng H, Hu S, Jia Z. Comparison of choline-PET/CT, MRI, SPECT, and bone scintigraphy in the diagnosis of bone metastases in patients with prostate cancer: a meta-analysis. Skeletal Radiol. 2014; 43:1503–13. doi: 10.1007/s00256-014-1903-9
16. Yang H-L, Liu T, Wang X-M, Xu Y, Deng S-M. Diagnosis of bone metastases: a meta-analysis comparing 18FDG PET, CT, MRI and bone scintigraphy. Eur Radiol. 2011; 21:2604–17. doi: 10.1007/s00330-011-2221-4
17. Jambor I, Kuisma A, Ramadan S, Huovinen R, Sandell M, Kajander S, et al. Prospective evaluation of planar bone scintigraphy, SPECT, SPECT/CT, 18F-NaF PET/CT and whole body 1.5T MRI, including DWI, for the detection of bone metastases in high risk breast and prostate cancer patients: SKELETA clinical trial. Acta Oncol. 2016; 55:59–67. doi: 10.3109/0284186X.2015.1027411
18. Johnston EW, Latifoltojar A, Sidhu HS, Ramachandran N, Sokolska M, Bainbridge A, et al. Multiparametric whole-body 3.0-T MRI in newly diagnosed intermediate- and high-risk prostate cancer: diagnostic accuracy and interobserver agreement for nodal and metastatic staging. Eur Radiol. 2019; 29:3159–69.
19. Fogelman I, Cook G, Israel O, Van der Wall H. Positron emission tomography and bone metastases. Semin Nucl Med. 2005; 35:135–42. doi: 10.1053/j.semnuclmed.2004.11.005
20. Abuzallouf S, Dayes I, Lukka H. Baseline staging of newly diagnosed prostate cancer: a summary of the literature. J Urol. 2004; 171:2122–7. doi: 10.1097/01.ju.0000123981.03084.06
21. Burdett S, Boevé LM, Ingleby FC, Fisher DJ, Rydzewska LH, Vale CL, et al. Prostate Radiotherapy for Metastatic Hormone-sensitive Prostate Cancer: A STOPCAP Systematic Review and Meta-analysis. Eur Urol. 2019; 76:115–24. doi: 10.1016/j.eururo.2019.02.003
22. Palma DA, Olson R, Harrow S, Gaede S, Louie A V., Haasbeek C, et al. Stereotactic Ablative Radiotherapy for the Comprehensive Treatment of Oligometastatic Cancers: Long-Term Results of the SABR-COMET Phase II Randomized Trial. J Clin Oncol. 2020; 38:2830–8. doi: 10.1200/JCO.20.00818
23. Pasoglou V, Larbi A, Collette L, Annet L, Jamar F, Machiels J, et al. One-step TNM staging of high-risk prostate cancer using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI): toward an upfront simplified “all-in-one” imaging approach? Prostate. 2014; 74:469–77. doi: 10.1002/pros.22764
24. Zheng Y, Zhou H, Dunstan CR, Sutherland RL, Seibel MJ. The role of the bone microenvironment in skeletal metastasis. J Bone Oncol. 2013; 2:47–57. doi: 10.1016/j.jbo.2012.11.002
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02-09-2021
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1.
Belmonte M, Saia G, Zugni F, Alessi S, Colombo A, Summers PE, et al. The role of MRI in the management of a prostate cancer patient with bone and lymph nodes metastases. A case report. Acta Biomed [Internet]. 2021 Sep. 2 [cited 2024 Jul. 18];92(4):e2021214. Available from: https://mattioli1885journals.com/index.php/actabiomedica/article/view/11337
