Clinical features and short-term outcomes of COVID-19 in Tehran, Iran: An analysis of mortality and hospital stay

Alireza Kashefizadeh; Laya Ohadi; Maryam Golmohammadi; Farnaz Araghi; Sahar Dadkhahfar; Arda kiani; Atefeh Abedini; Abbas Fadaii; Alieh Ghojoghi; Mehdi Nouraie; Mohammadreza Tabary

doi:10.23750/abm.v91i4.10206

Clinical features and short-term outcomes of COVID-19 in Tehran, Iran: An analysis of mortality and hospital stay

Authors

Alireza Kashefizadeh Department of pulmonology, Labbafinejad hospital, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
Laya Ohadi Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
Maryam Golmohammadi Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
Farnaz Araghi Skin Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
Sahar Dadkhahfar Skin Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
Arda kiani Tracheal Diseases Research Center, National Research Institute of Tuberculosis and Lung Diseases (NRITLD), Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
Atefeh Abedini Chronic Respiratory Diseases Research Center, National Research Institute of Tuberculosis and Lung Disease (NRITLD), Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
Abbas Fadaii Department of Pulmonology and Intensive Care Medicine, Shahid Labbafinejad Hospital, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
Alieh Ghojoghi Department of Internal Medicine, Shahid Labbafinejad Hospital, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
Mehdi Nouraie Division of Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
Mohammadreza Tabary a:1:{s:5:"en_US";s:37:"Tehran University of Medical Sciences";}

DOI: https://doi.org/10.23750/abm.v91i4.10206

Keywords:

COVID-19, SARS-CoV-2, Mortality, Hospitalization, Risk factors

Abstract

Background

The sudden outbreak of the COVID-19 disease originated in Wuhan, China, in December 2019. There have been few reports of the clinical course of the disease, but detailed information on the risk factors for increased hospital stay and mortality is not available. In this study, we aimed to present the details of 53 confirmed COVID-19 cases to share the clinical course and the risk factors for longer hospital stay and death.

Methods

In this study, we enrolled fifty-three patients with confirmed COVID-19 infection from a referral academic hospital in Tehran, Iran admitted between March and April 2020. Patients’ demographics, laboratory tests, treatments, length of hospital stay (LOHS), and final outcome were recorded and analyzed.

Results

Fifty-three patients were included in this study. The higher LOHS was associated with clinical symptoms, including hemoptysis (IRR= 0.73, P-value= 0.02), diarrhea (IRR= 0.78, P-value= 0.01), headache (IRR= 0.81, P-value= 0.05), and dry cough (IRR= 0.82, P-value= 0.05). Mortality was associated with older age(Odds ratio=1.148, 95%CI=1.032-1.276), lower calcium level (Odds ratio=0.087, 95%CI=0.010-0.788), lower serum albumin (Odds ratio=0.036, 95%CI=0.002-0.655), as well as increased level of neutrophil/lymphocyte ratio (NLR) (Odds ratio=1.468, 95%CI=1.086-1.985), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) (Odds ratio=1.004, 95%CI=1.000-1.007), and urea (Odds ratio=1.023, 95%CI=1.006-1.039).

Conclusion

Our study identified that decreased levels of O₂saturation, platelet count, calcium, albumin, and increased NLR, LDH, urea, and old age were correlated with mortality. Also, LOHS was significantly associated with clinical findings, such as hemoptysis and diarrhea.

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