Hyperthyroidism in childhood: peculiarities of the different clinical pictures

Hyperthyroidism in childhood: peculiarities of the different clinical pictures

Authors

  • Giuseppina Zirilli Department of Pediatric, Gynecological, Microbiological and Biomedical Sciences, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
  • Maria Rosa Velletri Department of Pediatric, Gynecological, Microbiological and Biomedical Sciences, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
  • Federica Porcaro Department of Pediatric, Gynecological, Microbiological and Biomedical Sciences, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
  • Giuseppina Di Giovine Department of Pediatric, Gynecological, Microbiological and Biomedical Sciences, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
  • Pina Maisano Department of Pediatric, Gynecological, Microbiological and Biomedical Sciences, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
  • Giuseppina La Monica Department of Pediatric, Gynecological, Microbiological and Biomedical Sciences, University of Messina, Messina, Italy

Keywords:

Graves’ disease, Hashitoxicosis, Hyperfunctioning thyroid nodules, TSH-secreting adenomas, McCune-Albright syndrome

Abstract

Background: clinical and biochemical picture of hyperthyroidism in children may significantly change according to its etiologies.

Objectives: to report the most recent views about epidemiology, pathophysiology, clinical and biochemical course, diagnostic procedures and management of hyperthyroid syndrome in childhood, according to its different etiologies.

Design: Graves’ disease and Hashimoto’s thyroiditis are responsible for 84% and 12%, respectively, of all the cases of hyperthyroidism in childhood. Hyperfunctioning thyroid nodules (<3% of cases), TSH-secreting adenomas (~1%) and McCune-Albright syndrome (~1%) are distinctly less common. The main hormonal and immunological features of all these conditions were summarizes in Table1, whereas their anamnestic and clinical peculiarities and the diagnostic procedures which may be useful in the differential diagnosis were reported in Table 2.

Conclusions: 1) hyperthyroid syndrome in childhood may present with very different clinical pictures, which are specifically related to the respective etiologies; 2) diagnostic procedures and therapeutic management are not the same in the various conditions.

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Published

14-12-2015

Issue

Vol. 86 No. 3 (2015): Acta BioMed 3-2015

Section

Focus on

License

This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0) which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

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How to Cite

1.
Zirilli G, Velletri MR, Porcaro F, Di Giovine G, Maisano P, La Monica G. Hyperthyroidism in childhood: peculiarities of the different clinical pictures. Acta Biomed [Internet]. 2015 Dec. 14 [cited 2024 Jul. 27];86(3):220-5. Available from: https://mattioli1885journals.com/index.php/actabiomedica/article/view/4315