Personalised Medicine: implication and perspectives in the field of occupational health Precision Medicine to promote Occupational Health
Main Article Content
Keywords
Precision Medicine, Occupational health, Individual variability, risk assesment
Abstract
“Personalised medicine” relies on identifying and integrating individual variability in genomic, biological, and physiological parameters, as well as in environmental and lifestyle factors, to define “individually” targeted disease prevention and treatment. Although innovative “omic” technologies supported the application of personalised medicine in clinical, oncological, and pharmacological settings, its role in occupational health practice and research is still in a developing phase. Occupational personalised approaches have been currently applied in experimental settings and in conditions of unpredictable risks, e.g.. war missions and space flights, where it is essential to avoid disease manifestations and therapy failure. However, a debate is necessary as to whether personalized medicine may be even more important to support a redefinition of the risk assessment processes taking into consideration the complex interaction between occupational and individual factors. Indeed, “omic” techniques can be helpful to understand the hazardous properties of the xenobiotics, dose-response relationships through a deeper elucidation of the exposure-disease pathways and internal doses of exposure. Overall, this may guide the adoption/implementation of primary preventive measures protective for the vast majority of the population, including most susceptible subgroups. However, the application of personalised medicine into occupational health requires overcoming some practical, ethical, legal, economical, and socio-political issues, particularly concerning the protection of privacy, and the risk of discrimination that the workers may experience. In this scenario, the concerted action of academic, industry, governmental, and stakeholder representatives should be encouraged to improve research aimed to guide effective and sustainable implementation of personalised medicine in occupational health fields.
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26. Jones DP. Redox theory of aging. Redox Biol. 2015;5:71-79. doi:10.1016/j.redox.2015.03.004
27. Joo WA, Sul D, Lee DY, Lee E, Kim CW. Proteomic analysis of plasma proteins of workers exposed to benzene. Mutat Res. 2004;558(1-2):35-44. doi:10.1016/j.mrgentox.2003.10.015
28. Kalra S, Das AK, Bajaj S, et al. Utility of Precision Medicine in the Management of Diabetes: Expert Opinion from an International Panel. Diabetes Ther. 2020;11(2):411-422. doi:10.1007/s13300-019-00753-5
29. Kaye JB, Schultz LE, Steiner HE, Kittles RA, Cavallari LH, Karnes JH. Warfarin Pharmacogenomics in Diverse Populations. Pharmacotherapy. 2017;37(9):1150-1163. doi:10.1002/phar.1982
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31. Khoury MJ, Iademarco MF, Riley WT. Precision Public Health for the Era of Precision Medicine. Am J Prev Med. 2016;50(3):398-401. doi:10.1016/j.amepre.2015.08.031
32. Kim C, Giaccone G. Precision oncology in non-small-cell lung cancer: opportunities and challenges. Nat Rev Clin Oncol. 2018 Jun;15(6):348-349. doi: 10.1038/s41571-018-0008-0. PMID: 29599475.
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34. König IR, Fuchs O, Hansen G, von Mutius E, Kopp MV. What is precision medicine?. Eur Respir J. 2017;50(4):1700391. Published 2017 Oct 19. doi: 10.1183/13993003.00391-2017
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36. Lan Q, Zhang L, Li G, et al. Hematotoxicity in workers exposed to low levels of benzene. Science. 2004; 306(5702):1774-1776. doi:10.1126/science.1102443
37. Lan Q, Zhang L, Shen M, et al. Polymorphisms in cytokine and cellular adhesion molecule genes and susceptibility to hematotoxicity among workers exposed to benzene. Cancer Res. 2005;65(20):9574-9581. doi:10.1158/0008-5472.CAN-05-1419
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Bollati V, Ferrari L, Leso V, Iavicoli I. Personalised Medicine: implication and perspectives in the field of occupational health: Precision Medicine to promote Occupational Health. Med Lav [Internet]. 2020 Nov. 25 [cited 2024 Jul. 27];111(6):425-44. Available from: https://mattioli1885journals.com/index.php/lamedicinadellavoro/article/view/10947
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How to Cite
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Bollati V, Ferrari L, Leso V, Iavicoli I. Personalised Medicine: implication and perspectives in the field of occupational health: Precision Medicine to promote Occupational Health. Med Lav [Internet]. 2020 Nov. 25 [cited 2024 Jul. 27];111(6):425-44. Available from: https://mattioli1885journals.com/index.php/lamedicinadellavoro/article/view/10947
