Negative nasopharyngeal swabs in COVID-19 pneumonia: the experience of an Italian Emergengy Department (Piacenza) during the first month of the Italian epidemic

Erika Poggiali; Andrea Vercelli; Giovanni Battista Vadacca; Roberta Schiavo; Silvana Mazzoni; Eva Ioannilli; Elena Demichele; Andrea Magnacavallo

doi:10.23750/abm.v91i3.9979

Negative nasopharyngeal swabs in COVID-19 pneumonia: the experience of an Italian Emergengy Department (Piacenza) during the first month of the Italian epidemic

Authors

Erika Poggiali a:1:{s:5:"en_US";s:69:"Ospedale Guglielmo da Saliceto, Emergency Department, Piacenza, Italy";}
Andrea Vercelli Emergency Department, “Guglielmo da Saliceto” Hospital, Piacenza, Italy Via Giuseppe Taverna 49, Piacenza, Italy.
Giovanni Battista Vadacca Biochemestry Unit, Clinical Pathology Department, “Guglielmo da Saliceto” Hospital, Via Giuseppe Taverna 49, Piacenza, Italy.
Roberta Schiavo Microbiology Unit, Clinical Pathology Department, “Guglielmo da Saliceto” Hospital, Via Giuseppe Taverna 49, Piacenza, Italy.
Silvana Mazzoni Emergency Department, “Guglielmo da Saliceto” Hospital, Piacenza, Italy Via Giuseppe Taverna 49, Piacenza, Italy.
Eva Ioannilli Emergency Department, “Guglielmo da Saliceto” Hospital, Piacenza, Italy Via Giuseppe Taverna 49, Piacenza, Italy.
Elena Demichele Emergency Department, “Guglielmo da Saliceto” Hospital, Piacenza, Italy Via Giuseppe Taverna 49, Piacenza, Italy.
Andrea Magnacavallo Emergency Department, “Guglielmo da Saliceto” Hospital, Piacenza, Italy Via Giuseppe Taverna 49, Piacenza, Italy.

DOI: https://doi.org/10.23750/abm.v91i3.9979

Keywords:

COVID-19, nasopharyngeal swab, RT-PCR, serology, Italian epidemic

Abstract

Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) is a systemic disease which can cause multiple organ failure and death primarly due to vascular endothelium injury. Severe acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) is the main cause of death: its management and treatment should be tailored to the individual COVID-19 patient’s phenotype. Early diagnosis of COVID-19 is paramount for disease treatment and infection control. Naso-pharyngeal (NP) swab is commonly used as screening and diagnostic tool for COVID-19, but in some cases it can be resulted negative even in presence of clinical and epidemiological criteria, and typical radiological and laboratory findings of COVID-19, as we have observed. Here we report our experience in the first month of the Italian epidemic. We strongly recommend clinicians to maintain a high index of suspicion for COVID-19, regardless of the persistence negativity of NP swabs, and not to delay the initiation of therapy in presence of typical clinical, radiological and laboratory findings of COVID-19.

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