Multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children (MIS-C) related to COVID-19 infection in the state of Qatar: Association with Kawasaki-like Illness

Main Article Content

Samar Magboul
Ahmed Khalil
Manasik Hassan
Basel Habra
Ahmad Alshami
Shabina Khan
Khaled Ellithy
Hossamaldein Ali
Abdulla AlHothi
Eman AlMaslamani
Mohamed AlAmri
Vincenzo De Sanctis
Ashraf T Soliman

Keywords

SARS-CoV-2 infection, Multisystem Inflammatory Syndrome (MIS-C), infants, children, treatment, Qatar.

Abstract

Introduction: World Health Organization (WHO) is encouraging reporting of children with Multisystem Inflammatory Syndrome (MIS-C) associated with SARS-CoV-2 infection for better understanding and management of the disease. Methodology: This retrospective study included the first 15 pediatrics patient with a confirmed diagnosis of MIS-C associated with SARS-CoV-2 infection in the state of Qatar. We studied and analyzed their demographic data, clinical manifestations, laboratory tests, treatment, and outcome. Results: A total of 15 children were studied (mean age 3.5 ± 2.7year). Recent severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 infection was identified in all of them (100%). The majority of these patients had 4 or more systems involvement. Nine of the 15 presented with Kawasaki disease - picture and all had gastrointestinal symptoms (vomiting and diarrhea). Five required Pediatrics Intensive Care Unit (PICU) admission. Lab investigations revealed high D-Dimer, hyponatremia, and hypoalbuminemia in all. Low hemoglobin (Hb) , thrombocytopenia, and sterile pyuria occurred in 86.6%, 60% and 75% of them, respectively. Treatment with combined anti-inflammatory medications (intravenous immunoglobulin, corticosteroids) was used in along with immunomodulatory agents (Anakinra) in a selected group of refractory patients. No mortality happened.Conclusion: Our young children who presented with MIS-C related to SARS-CoV-2 infection had significantly higher Kawasaki-disease picture compared to other reports. One third of them required PICU admission but no mortality occurred.

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