Recurrence Rate of Cervical Cancer in Jakarta
Main Article Content
Keywords
Histopathology, Radical Hysterectomy, Recurrence, Cervical cancer
Abstract
Introduction: Cervical cancer is one of the ten most commonly diagnosed cancer in the world population. It is estimated there are around 570.000 new cases, with 3.3% deaths in 2018. The recurrence rate for cervical cancer ranges from 8% to 26% and usually appears within 2-3 years after the first treatment. The recurrence rate of cancer is one quality service in healthcare.; thus, the authors decide to evaluate this issue. Materials and Methods: This multicenter and retrospective study reporting 262 patients of all stage cervical cancer who met inclusion criteria from 2015 to 2019 in national reference teaching hospitals in Jakarta, Indonesia. Patients were treated with radical hysterectomy, radiation, and chemotherapy and observed for five years period. Univariate and multivariate analyses were performed to investigate the recurrence of cervical cancer. Results: The recurrence rate over all stages after primary treatment is 21.4%. The recurrence rate early stage and advanced stage is 20% and 38%, respectively. Univariate and multivariate analysis revealed parity, cancer stage, tumor size, histotype, and differentiation affecting the recurrence of the disease. Cox multivariate modeling determined the significant factors are parity (Hazard Ratio (HR) = 0.5, p-value <0.01), cancer stage (Hazard Ratio (HR) = 1.6, p-value 0.013), tumor size (Hazard Ratio (HR) = 2.08, p-value 0.018), histotype (Hazard Ratio (HR) = 2.6, p-value <0.01), and differentiation (Hazard Ratio (HR) = 0.5, p-value 0.01). Conclusion: The recurrence rate of cervical cancer is related to the cancer stage. The higher cancer stage resulted in a higher recurrence rate.
References
2. WHO. Indonesia Fact Sheets. Int Agency Res Cancer Globocan. 2019;256(Cervix uteri: WHO):2018–9.
3. Cohen PA, Jhingran A, Oaknin A, Denny L. Cervical cancer. Lancet. 2019;393(10167):169–82. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(18)32470-X
4. INASGO. Indonesian Society of Gynecologic Oncology National Data [Internet]. [cited 2020 Nov 13]. Available from: http://www.inasgo.org/fusionchart/APP/Staging_cervix_bar.asp
5. Salani R, Khanna N, Frimer M, Bristow RE, Chen L may. An update on post-treatment surveillance and diagnosis of recurrence in women with gynecologic malignancies: Society of Gynecologic Oncology (SGO) recommendations. Gynecol Oncol. 2017;146(1):3–10. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ygyno.2017.03.022
6. Elit L, Fyles AW, Devries MC, Oliver TK, Fung-Kee-Fung M. Follow-up for women after treatment for cervical cancer: A systematic review. Gynecol Oncol. 2009;114(3):528–35. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ygyno.2009.06.001
7. Faubion SS, Maclaughlin KL, Long ME, Pruthi S, Casey PM. Surveillance and Care of the Gynecologic Cancer Survivor. J Women’s Heal. 2015;24(11):899–906. https://doi.org/10.1089/jwh.2014.5127
8. Duyn A, Van Eijkeren M, Kenter G, Zwinderman K, Ansink A. Recurrent cervical cancer: Detection and prognosis. Acta Obstet Gynecol Scand. 2002;81(4):351–5. https://doi.org/10.1034/j.1600-0412.2002.810414.x
9. Mackay HJ, Wenzel L, Mileshkin L. Nonsurgical Management of Cervical Cancer: Locally Advanced, Recurrent, and Metastatic Disease, Survivorship, and Beyond. Am Soc Clin Oncol Educ B. 2015 May;176(35):e299–309. https://doi.org/10.14694/EdBook_AM.2015.35.e299
10. Hanprasertpong J, Jiamset I. Late Recurrence of Early Stage Cervical Cancer more than 3 Years after Radical Hysterectomy with Pelvic Node Dissection. Oncol Res Treat. 2017;40(5):270–6. https://doi.org/10.1159/000464408
Article Sidebar
Article Details
How to Cite
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
OPEN ACCESS
All the articles of the European Journal of Oncology and Environmental Health are published with open access under the CC-BY Creative Commons attribution license (the current version is CC-BY, version 4.0 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). This means that the author(s) retain copyright, but the content is free to download, distribute and adapt for commercial or non-commercial purposes, given appropriate attribution to the original article.
The articles in the previous edition of the Journal (European Journal of Oncology) are made available online with open access under the CC-BY Creative Commons attribution license (the current version is CC-BY, version 4.0 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
Upon submission, author(s) grant the Journal the license to publish their original unpublished work within one year, and the non exclusive right to display, store, copy and reuse the content. The CC-BY Creative Commons attribution license enables anyone to use the publication freely, given appropriate attribution to the author(s) and citing the Journal as the original publisher. The CC-BY Creative Commons attribution license does not apply to third-party materials that display a copyright notice to prohibit copying. Unless the third-party content is also subject to a CC-BY Creative Commons attribution license, or an equally permissive license, the author(s) must comply with any third-party copyright notices.
Gatot Purwoto, Faculty of Medicine Universitas Indonesia, Dr. Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital
Division of Gynecologic Oncology, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology
Fara Vitantri, Faculty of Medicine Universitas Indonesia
Division of Gynecologic Oncology, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology ,Dr. Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital
Yuri Feharsal, Faculty of Medicine Universitas Indonesia
Division of Gynecologic Oncology, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology , Dr. Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital
Lisa Novianti, Faculty of Medicine Universitas Indonesia
Division of Gynecologic Oncology, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Dr. Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital
Laurensia Scovani, Faculty of Medicine Universitas Indonesia
Division of Gynecologic Oncology, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Dr. Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital