Outcomes in patients with sarcoidosis and COVID-19
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Keywords
Sarcoidosis, COVID-19, Immunosuppression therapy
Abstract
Background and aim: The effect of COVID-19 in patients with sarcoidosis has not been fully explored. The aim was to conduct a retrospective cohort study investigating outcomes in patients with sarcoidosis who were hospitalized with COVID-19.
Methods: We included patients who had diagnoses of sarcoidosis and COVID-19 between January 1, 2020, and February 28, 2021. Primary outcomes included development of critical COVID-19; need for supplemental oxygen, noninvasive ventilation, and invasive ventilation; and death. Association of comorbidities and immunosuppression therapy with outcomes were analyzed. Multiple logistic regression analysis was used to assess risk factors associated with critical COVID-19.
Results: Of 1198 patients with COVID-19, 169 had sarcoidosis (14.1%) and 1029 (85.9%) did not (control group). Of the 169 patients with sarcoidosis and COVID-19, 84 (49.7%) were hospitalized (study group: mean age 62.4 years; 61.9% women; and 56.0% Black). The study group required supplemental oxygen (81% vs 62%; p = 0.001) and noninvasive ventilation (33.3% vs 6.4%; p < 0.001) more often and had lower mortality (15.5% vs. 30.4%; p = 0.004) than the control group. In patients hospitalized with COVID-19, sarcoidosis was not associated with critical COVID-19 (odds ratio, 0.77; 95% CI, 0.46-1.29; p = 0.317), but having sarcoidosis while taking immunosuppression therapy was associated with decreased risk of critical COVID-19 (odds ratio, 0.45; 95% CI, 0.31-0.65; p < 0.001).
Conclusions: Patients with sarcoidosis may not be at increased risk of critical illness or death from COVID-19, and immunosuppression therapy in these patients may reduce the risk of critical COVID-19.
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Amreeta Sharma, Ascension St. John Hospital
Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine
Diana Alaouie, Henry Ford Hospital
Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine
Patrick Bradley, Henry Ford Hospital
Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine
Dan Ouellette, Henry Ford Hospital
Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine
Raef Fadel, Henry Ford Hospital
Department of Cardiology
Geehan Suleyman, Henry Ford Hospital
Department of Infectious Disease
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