Confronto tra rischio mobbing e condizioni di job strain ed effort-reward imbalance in relazione a disturbi stress-correlati: studio nella pubblica amministrazione / Comparison between mobbing at work and conditions of job strain and effort-reward...
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Introduzione: Una criticità delle ricerche sul mobbing è che spesso le conseguenze individuali del fenomeno sono state valutate su campioni “clinici” di vittime. Gli studi nelle organizzazioni sono relativamente meno e raramente hanno confrontato il potenziale lesivo del mobbing con rischi psicosociali ‘consolidati’, ossia che hanno già fornito evidenze robuste di effetti avversi sulla salute. Obiettivi: Indagare la relazione tra esposizione a mobbing e condizioni psicofisiche stress-correlate tenendo conto dell’eventuale concomitante esposizione a job strain ed effort-reward imbalance. Metodi: Studio cross-sectional su 538 lavoratori amministrativi della pubblica amministrazione (48% donne). I fattori di rischio (mobbing, job strain ed effort-reward imbalance) sono stati valutati con scale ampiamente validate, mentre i quattro esiti considerati attraverso il General Health Questionnaire nella versione a 12 item ed una domanda relativa all’aver ricevuto diagnosi medica di una serie di disturbi, tra cui colite/colon irritabile, gastrite, e depressione. Covariate: genere, età, indice di massa corporea, abitudine al fumo e occorrenza di un evento traumatico nell’ultimo anno. Risultati: Le regressioni logistiche hanno evidenziato che l’esposizione a mobbing è associata significativamente ai quattro esiti al netto delle covariate. Includendo nel modello l’esposizione a job strain e ad effort-reward imbalance i risultati sono nel complesso confermati. Conclusioni: La relazione tra mobbing e esiti di salute non è alterata in maniera sostanziale dalla concomitante esposizione a job strain ed effort-reward imbalance. Questi risultati rimarcano la peculiarità del mobbing come fattore di rischio psicosociale.
Comparison between mobbing at work and conditions of job strain and effort-reward imbalance in relation to stress-related disorders: a study in the public administration
Background: A limitation of previous research on mobbing at work was that the individual consequences of the phenomenon were often assessed on ‘clinical’ samples of victims. Studies in organizations are less numerous and those available rarely evaluated the potential effect of mobbing over and above that of other psychosocial factors which provided robust evidence of adverse health effects. Objectives: The relationship between exposure to mobbing and stress-related psychophysical conditions was investigated taking in consideration the possible concomitant exposure to job strain and effort-reward imbalance. Methods: Cross-sectional study on public administration administrative employees (No.=538, 48% women). The psychosocial factors considered were assessed by means of well known and validated scales. The four health outcomes considered were psychological caseness (as operationalized by means of the General Health Questionnaire - 12-item version), depression, gastritis and colitis/irritable colon syndrome as indicated by having reported a medical diagnosis of such conditions. Covariates: gender, age, body mass index, smoking habits and experience of a traumatic event in the last year. Analysis consisted of a series of logistic regressions. Results: Exposure to mobbing was significantly associated with all the outcomes considered over and above the covariates. The inclusion in the models of job strain and effort-reward imbalance did not substantially alter the results. Conclusions: The relationship between mobbing at work and health outcomes is not confounded by concomitant exposure to job strain and effort-reward imbalance. These results offer further confirmation of the uniqueness of mobbing as a psychosocial risk factor.
Comparison between mobbing at work and conditions of job strain and effort-reward imbalance in relation to stress-related disorders: a study in the public administration
Background: A limitation of previous research on mobbing at work was that the individual consequences of the phenomenon were often assessed on ‘clinical’ samples of victims. Studies in organizations are less numerous and those available rarely evaluated the potential effect of mobbing over and above that of other psychosocial factors which provided robust evidence of adverse health effects. Objectives: The relationship between exposure to mobbing and stress-related psychophysical conditions was investigated taking in consideration the possible concomitant exposure to job strain and effort-reward imbalance. Methods: Cross-sectional study on public administration administrative employees (No.=538, 48% women). The psychosocial factors considered were assessed by means of well known and validated scales. The four health outcomes considered were psychological caseness (as operationalized by means of the General Health Questionnaire - 12-item version), depression, gastritis and colitis/irritable colon syndrome as indicated by having reported a medical diagnosis of such conditions. Covariates: gender, age, body mass index, smoking habits and experience of a traumatic event in the last year. Analysis consisted of a series of logistic regressions. Results: Exposure to mobbing was significantly associated with all the outcomes considered over and above the covariates. The inclusion in the models of job strain and effort-reward imbalance did not substantially alter the results. Conclusions: The relationship between mobbing at work and health outcomes is not confounded by concomitant exposure to job strain and effort-reward imbalance. These results offer further confirmation of the uniqueness of mobbing as a psychosocial risk factor.