Risk of depression and anxiety in 7.302 patients with sarcoidosis: a nationwide cohort study

Melina Gade Sikjær; Ole Hilberg; Ingeborg Farver-Vestergaard; Rikke Ibsen; Anders Løkke

doi:10.36141/svdld.v41i1.15213

Authors

Melina Gade Sikjær Department of Medicine, Lillebaelt Hospital, Vejle. Denmark
Ole Hilberg Department of Medicine, Lillebaelt Hospital, Vejle. Denmark. Department of Regional Health Research, University of Southern Denmark., Odense, Denmark
Ingeborg Farver-Vestergaard Department of Medicine, Lillebaelt Hospital, Vejle. Denmark. Department of Regional Health Research, University of Southern Denmark., Odense, Denmark
Rikke Ibsen i2minds, Aarhus, Denmark
Anders Løkke Department of Medicine, Lillebaelt Hospital, Vejle. Denmark. Department of Regional Health Research, University of Southern Denmark., Odense, Denmark

Keywords:

sarcoidosis, Depression, Anxiety, Comorbidity, Antidepressive agents

Abstract

Background and aim: The aim was to investigate the association between sarcoidosis and anxiety and/or depression (A/D) in patients with sarcoidosis and comparators matched on age, gender, residency, and cohabitation status. Methods: Patients with newly diagnosed sarcoidosis between 2001 and 2015 were identified in the Danish National Patient Register. Cases were matched 1:4 with non-sarcoidosis comparators. We estimated the cumulative incidence of A/D using the Cumulative Incidence Function and the subdistribution hazard ratio (sHR) for A/D using the Fine-Gray subdistribution hazard model. Estimates were adjusted for socio-economic status and Deyo-Charlson Comorbidity Index. Results: We identified 7.302 cases and 26.145 matched comparators. The cumulative incidence of A/D after five years was 6.0% (95%CI 5.5-6.4) for cases and 4.2% (95%CI 4.0-4.4) for matched comparators. The cumulative incidence was higher among cases for both males and females and in all age-groups compared with the matched comparators. The adjusted-sHR for A/D was 1.38 (95%CI 1.24-1.53). The adjusted-sHR for A/D was 1.51 (95%CI 1.30-1.75) for male cases and 1.25 (95%CI 1.08-1.45) for female cases compared with the matched comparators. The adjusted-sHR for A/D was higher for cases in all age-groups compared with the matched comparators, although not statistically significant among cases aged 30-39 years (a-sHR 1.15; 95%CI 0.92-1.44). Conclusions: Sarcoidosis cases had a higher risk of A/D compared with matched comparators during 18 years of follow-up. The risk of developing A/D was greater for male and female cases and within all age-groups compared with the matched comparators.

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