Influence of physical activity and nutrition on sleep quality of Romanian students: a case study
Main Article Content
Keywords
PSQI, HEI index 2005, IPAQ, BMI
Abstract
Sleep problems are associated with poorer quality of life, as well as mental and physical health issues, especially in people who are overweight or obese. Numerous studies have shown that there is a link between sleep and diet and between sleep and physical activity (PA). The present study aimed to show the connection between physical activity, diet, and the quality and duration of sleep in Romanian students. The main study was conducted on 876 students (435 women and 441 men) aged 19–26. Three weeks after the start of the main study, a subset of 83 male and female students aged 19–25 years were randomly selected to participate in an ancillary study. A questionnaire survey was conducted in order to determine the quality of sleep (PSQI), nutritional habits (HEI Index 2005), and physical activity (IPAQ), while anthropometric measurements were performed to determine body mass index (BMI). For students involved in the main study, PSQI varied between 6.4(2.3) and 4.5(1.7) and PA from 409.15(108.12) to 5834.54(2548.32) MET. The number of hours of sleep varied between 6.8(2.2) and 7.6(1.8). The HEI index varied between 52.1(12.2) and 55.3(11.4), being directly proportional to the increase in sleep quality and the number of daily sleep hours. Similar results were obtained for the ancillary study. Statistical analyses were performed using SPSS version 23 (SPSS, Inc. Chicago, IL); a value of 5% was set as the conventional significance level. ANOVA was used to identify statistically significant differences between averages of variables for the groups. For all variables analyzed, t tests showed no significant differences between females and males as p > α = 0.05 and the 95% confidence interval contained the value 0.
References
2. Moore M, Meltzer LJ. The sleepy adolescent: causes and consequences of sleepiness in teens. Pediatric Respir Rev. 2008 Jun;9(2):114-20; quiz 120-1. doi: 10.1016/j.prrv.2008.01.001.
3.Y. Kaneita, T. Ohida, Y. Osaki, et al., Association between mental health status and sleep status among adolescents in Japan A nationwide cross-sectional survey J Clin Psychiatry 2007;68 :1426-35
4.Reimer MA, Flemons WW. Quality of life in sleep disorders. Sleep Med Rev 2003; 7:335–49.
5. American Academy of Sleep Medicine Task Force. Sleep-Related breathing disorders in adults: recommendations for syndrome definition and measurement techniques in clinical research. Sleep 1999; 22:667–89.
6. Ringdahl EN, Susan LP, Delzell JE. Treatment of primary insomnia. J Am Board Fam
Pract 2004; 17:212–9.
7. Brand S, Gerber M, Beck J, Hatzinger M, Pühse U, Holsboer-Trachsler E. High exercise levels are related to favorable sleep patterns and psychological functioning in adolescents: a comparison of athletes and controls. J Adolescent Health 2010; 46:133–41.
8.Markus Dworak, Alfred Wiater, Dirk Alfer, Egon Stephan, Wildor Hollmann, Heiko K. Strüder,Increased slow wave sleep and reduced stage 2 sleep in children depending on exercise intensity,Sleep Medicine 2008;9(3):266-272.
9.Nadeem Kalak, Markus Gerber, Roumen Kirov, Thorsten Mikoteit, Juliana Yordanova, Uwe Pühse, Edith Holsboer-Trachsler, Serge Brand,Daily Morning Running for 3 Weeks Improved Sleep and Psychological Functioning in Healthy Adolescents Compared With Controls,
Journal of Adolescent Health 2012;51(6):615-622.
10.Biddle, Stuart and Mutrie, N. Psychology of physical activity: Determinants, well-being and interventions. (2nd ed.) Routledge, London.2008.
11. Faulkner, Guy EJ, and Adrian H. Taylor, eds. Exercise, Health and Mental Health: Emerging Relationships. Routledge. 2005.
12.Gerber, M., Brand, S., Holsboer-Trachsler, E., & Pühse, U. Fitness and exercise as correlates of sleep complaints: Is it all in our minds? Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise 2010;42(5):893-901.
13. Andrea L. Dunn, Madhukar H. Trivedi, James B. Kampert, Camillia G. Clark, Heather O. Chambliss, Exercise treatment for depression: Efficacy and dose response, American Journal of Preventive Medicine 2005; 28, Issue (1):1-8.
14. O'Connor, P. J., Raglin, J. S., & Martinsen, E. W. Physical activity, anxiety and anxiety disorders. International Journal of Sport Psychology 2000;31(2):136-155.
15. Markus Gerber, Michael Kellmann, Tim Hartmann, Uwe Pühse,Do exercise and fitness buffer against stress among Swiss police and emergency response service officers?, Psychology of Sport and Exercise 2010;11(4):286-294.
16.Chaput, JP., Lambert, M., Gray-Donald, K. et al. Short Sleep Duration Is Independently Associated with Overweight and Obesity in Quebec Children. Can J Public Health 2011; 102:369–374.
17.Nielsen LS, Danielsen KV, Sorensen TI. Short sleep duration as a possible cause of obesity: critical analysis of the epidemiological evidence. Obes Rev 2011; 12:78-92.
18.Nishiura, C., Noguchi, J., & Hashimoto, H. Dietary patterns only partially explain the effect of short sleep duration on the incidence of obesity. Sleep 2010; 33(6), 753–757.
19.Dashti, H. S., Scheer, F. A., Jacques, P. F., Lamon-Fava, S., & Ordovás, J. M. (2015). Short sleep duration and dietary intake: epidemiologic evidence, mechanisms, and health implications. Advances in nutrition (Bethesda, Md.) 2015; 6(6), 648–659.
20.Fahimeh Haghighatdoost, Golgis Karimi, Ahmad Esmaillzadeh, Leila Azadbakht,Sleep deprivation is associated with lower diet quality indices and higher rate of general and central obesity among young female students in Iran,Nutrition 2012;28(11–12):1146-1150.
21. Crispim CA; Zimberg IZ; dos Reis BG; Diniz RM; Tufik S; de Mello MT. Relationship between food intake and sleep pattern in healthy individuals. J Clin Sleep Med 2011;7(6):659-664.
22. Pereira, N., Naufel, M. F., Ribeiro, E. B., Tufik, S., & Hachul, H. Influence of Dietary Sources of Melatonin on Sleep Quality: A Review. Journal of food science 2020; 85(1), 5–13.
23. Muscogiuri G, Barrea L, Aprano S, Framondi L, Di Matteo R, Laudisio D, Pugliese G, Savastano S, Colao A on behalf of the OPERA PREVENTION Project. Sleep Quality in Obesity: Does Adherence to the Mediterranean Diet Matter? Nutrients. 2020; 12(5):1364.
24.Ringdahl EN, Susan LP, Delzell JE. Treatment of primary insomnia. J Am Board Fam
Pract 2004; 17:212–9.
25. St-Onge, M.P.; Mikic, A.; Pietrolungo, C.E. Efects of diet on sleep quality. Adv. Nutr. 2016; 7: 938–949.
26. Weiss A, Xu F, Storfer-Isser A, Thomas A, Ievers-Landis CE, Redline S. The association of sleep duration with adolescents’ fat and carbohydrate consumption. Sleep 2010; 33:1201–9.
27.Tan, X.; Alén, M.; Cheng, S.M.; Mikkola, T.M.; Tenhunen, J.; Lyytikäinen, A.; Wiklund, P.; Cong, F.; Saarinen, A.; Tarkka, I.; et al. Associations of disordered sleep with body fat distribution, physical activity and diet among overweight middle-aged men. J. Sleep Res. 2015; 24: 414–424.
28.Katagiri, R.; Asakura, K.; Kobayashi, S.; Suga, H.; Sasaki, S. Low intake of vegetables, high intake ofconfectionary, and unhealthy eating habits are associated with poor sleep quality among middle-aged female Japanese workers. J. Occup. Health 2014; 56: 359–368.
29. Buysse DJ, Reynolds CF, Monk TH, Berman SR, Kupfer DJ. The Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index: a new instrument for psychiatric practice and research.Psychiatry Res 1989;28:193–213.
30. Hagstromer M, Oja P, Sjostrom M.The International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ): a study of con-current and construct validity. Public Health Nutr 2006; 9(6):755–62.
31. The Diet History Questionnaire III. Available via https://www.dhq3.org/study/study_id=101/view-questionnaire/
31. Gheorghiu A, Savu VC, Trandafir M, Serea C, Barna O. The relationship between physical activity and food habits of students: A case study. Prog Nutr 2019; 21(4):1029–33.
32. Trandafir M, Savu CV, Gheorghiu A, Serea C, Barna O. The correlation between the media usage, physical activities and nutritional approach for Romanian students. Progr Nutr 2020; 22(2): 577–587.
33. Patel SR. Reduced sleep as an obesity risk factor. Obes. Rev 2009;10 (Suppl 2):61–8.
34. Patel SR, Hu FB. Short sleep duration and weight gain: a systematic review. Obesity (Silver Spring) 2008; 16:643–53.
35.Savu VC, Gheorghiu A, Trandafir M, Serea C, Barna O. In-fluence of food behavior and physical activity in relation to the overall physical condition of Romanian students. Progr Nutr 2019; 21(4): 1003–10.
36.Grandner MA, Kripke DF, Naidoo N, Langer RD. Relationships among dietary nutrients and subjective sleep, objective sleep, and napping in women. Sleep Med 2010; 11:180–4.
37. Popescu, V., Musat, G. C., Georgescu, A., Petcu, D. Barna, O.The Relationship between physical activity, eating attitudes, and body image dissatisfaction of Romanian students”, Prog. Nutr. 2020; 22(3):232-44.
38. Giselle Soares Passos, Dalva Poyares, Marcos Gonçalves Santana, Carolina Vicaria Rodrigues D’Aurea, Shawn D. Youngstedt, Sergio Tufik, Marco Túlio de Mello, Effects of moderate aerobic exercise training on chronic primary insomnia, Sleep Medicine 2011; 12(10):1018-1027.
Article Sidebar
Article Details
How to Cite
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.
This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0) which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Transfer of Copyright and Permission to Reproduce Parts of Published Papers.
Authors retain the copyright for their published work. No formal permission will be required to reproduce parts (tables or illustrations) of published papers, provided the source is quoted appropriately and reproduction has no commercial intent. Reproductions with commercial intent will require written permission and payment of royalties.
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.
Alina Plesea-Condratovici, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, University of Lower Danube, Galati, Romania.
Head of Medical Department
How to Cite
