Uso dei dispositivi di protezione individuale (DPI) e relazione con infortuni nei lavoratori dell’edilizia

Contenuto principale dell'articolo

Radwa Sehsah
Abdel-Hady El-Gilany
Ateya Megahed Ibrahim

Keywords

Infortuni; costruzioni; DPI; sicurezza

Abstract

Introduzione: La cantieristica edile è caratterizzata da un’alta prevalenza di incidenti ed infortuni. Misure inadeguate per la gestione dei rischi, incluso il mancato o scorretto utilizzo dei dispositivi di protezione individuale (DPI) possono aumentare significativamente il rischio di infortuni. Obiettivi: Misurare la prevalenza dell’uso di DPI e infortuni e dei fattori ad essi correlati tra i lavoratori dell’edilizia. Metodi: È stato condotto uno studio trasversale su 384 lavoratori di diversi cantieri edili di Port Said, Egitto, usando un questionario somministrato da intervistatore. Il questionario includeva dati sociodemografici e occupazionali, pratica d’uso dei DPI e analisi degli infortuni. Risultati: Circa il 60% dei lavoratori usano DPI durante il lavoro. I motivi principali per il mancato uso di DPI sono scomodità, mancanza di conoscenza sul corretto utilizzo e scarsa vestibilità. Il 64.3% dei lavoratori ha riferito incidenti sul lavoro negli ultimi 12 mesi. Le principali tipologie di incidenti sono: essere colpiti da oggetti in caduta, caduta dall’alto, incidenti collegati all’uso di attrezzi. La formazione sulla sicurezza è un significativo predittore indipendente dell’uso dei DPI (AOR=2.0). Anche l’età, lo stato civile, l’abitudine al fumo, la formazione alla sicurezza e l’uso di DPI si sono rivelati predittori indipendenti e significativi di incidente (AOR=2.4, 3.1, 0.5, 0.5, e 0.2 rispettivamente). Discussione: Tra i lavoratori edili l’uso di DPI è basso e ha una correlazione significativa con la formazione alla sicurezza, mentre gli incidenti sul lavoro sono frequenti e correlati con la formazione alla sicurezza e all’uso di DPI. È importante che nei cantieri sia garantita la formazione sulla sicurezza e che venga fatto rispettare l’uso dei DPI.

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