Randomized trial of high-dose vitamin D3 supplementation on interleukin-8 modulation in pediatric pneumonia

Retno Asih Setyoningrum; Wigit Kristianto; Visuddho Visuddho; Arda Pratama Putra Chafid; Rika Hapsari

doi:10.23750/abm.v96i2.16419

Authors

Retno Asih Setyoningrum Department of Child Health, Dr. Soetomo General Academic Hospital, Surabaya, Indonesia; Department of Child Health, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, Indonesia
Wigit Kristianto Department of Child Health, Dr. Soetomo General Academic Hospital, Surabaya, Indonesia; Department of Child Health, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, Indonesia https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5773-2980
Visuddho Visuddho Department of Child Health, Dr. Soetomo General Academic Hospital, Surabaya, Indonesia; Department of Child Health, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, Indonesia https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6780-6207
Arda Pratama Putra Chafid Department of Child Health, Dr. Soetomo General Academic Hospital, Surabaya, Indonesia; Department of Child Health, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, Indonesia https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1968-6423
Rika Hapsari Department of Child Health, Dr. Soetomo General Academic Hospital, Surabaya, Indonesia; Department of Child Health, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, Indonesia https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3455-1444

Keywords:

pediatric pneumonia, 25-hydroxyvitamin D3, interleukin-8, randomized controlled trial, vitamin D supplementation, child health, immune response

Abstract

Background and aim: The immunomodulatory role of vitamin D in respiratory infections has been suggested, but its impact on inflammatory cytokines like interleukin-8 (IL-8) in pediatric pneumonia remains unclear. This study evaluates the impact of vitamin D3 supplementation on serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D3 [25(OH)D3] and IL-8 levels in children diagnosed with pneumonia.

Methods: This study was double-blind randomized controlled trial, 45 children with pneumonia were assigned to intervention group (single dose vitamin D3 100,000 IU) (n=23) or placebo group (n=22). Serum 25(OH)D3 and IL-8 levels measured pre- and post-intervention were compared.

Results: Vitamin D3 supplementation significantly increased of 25(OH)D3 levels 26.9 (Interquartile Range [IQR] 19.2-31.1) ng/mL to 35.7 (IQR 22.7-48.2) ng/mL (p=0.048). But no significant result was found in placebo group (27.3 [IQR 21.9-33.1] to 24.8 [IQR 21.6-36.2], p=0.884). However, there was no significant difference in IL-8 levels between the supplementation and placebo groups post-intervention (p=0.666).

Conclusions: While high-dose vitamin D3 supplementation effectively improved vitamin D levels in children with pneumonia, it did not significantly reduce IL-8 levels. These findings also highlight the importance adequate vitamin D levels but need for further research to explore its role in pediatric pneumonia therapy. (www.actabiomedica.it)

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