Potential predictive biomarkers in locally advanced rectal cancer treated with preoperative chemo-radiotherapy

Potential predictive biomarkers in locally advanced rectal cancer treated with preoperative chemo-radiotherapy

Authors

  • Lorena Bottarelli Department of Medicine and Surgery, Unit of Pathological Anatomy, University Hospital of Parma, Parma, Italy
  • Gian Luigi de' Angelis Gastroenterology and Endoscopy Unit, Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Parma, Parma, Italy
  • Cinzia Azzoni Department of Medicine and Surgery, Unit of Pathological Anatomy, University Hospital of Parma, Parma, Italy
  • Francesco Di Mario Gastroenterology and Endoscopy Unit, Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Parma, Parma, Italy
  • Nicola de' Angelis Department of Digestive, Hepatobiliary Surgery and Liver Transplantation, Henri Mondor University Hospital, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP), Université Paris Est-Créteil, Créteil, France
  • Gioacchino Leandro National Institute of Gastroenterology “S. De Bellis” Research Hospital, Castellana Grotte, Italy
  • Fabiola Fornaroli Gastroenterology and Endoscopy Unit, Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Parma, Parma, Italy
  • Federica Gaiani Gastroenterology and Endoscopy Unit, Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Parma, Parma, Italy
  • Francesca Negri Medical Oncology Unit, University Hospital of Parma, Parma, Italy

Keywords:

rectal cancer, marker, chemo-radiotherapy, prognosis

Abstract

Fluorouracil-based preoperative chemoradiotherapy represents a standard option for the treatment of locally advanced rectal cancer. Randomized clinical trials have shown that fluorouracil concomitant to preoperative radiation enhances tumor shrinkage (with 10% to 15% of the patients showing a complete pathological tumor response) compared with preoperative radiation alone. A high response rate is of clinical importance in rectal cancer, since patients who achieve a complete pathological response may experience improved long-term survival. Adding oxaliplatin to fluorouracil-based preoperative chemoradiotherapy has no effect on response of the primary rectal tumor and single-agent fluoropyrimidine remains the standard chemotherapy in this setting. Despite novel biological insights and therapeutic advances, little is known about potential biological markers able to predict pathological tumor response before treatment and to subsequently impact patients’ prognosis. This review focuses on the current available data on main molecular markers and molecular subtypes and the possible upcoming introduction of such analyses in the clinical setting.

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Published

17-12-2018

How to Cite

1.
Potential predictive biomarkers in locally advanced rectal cancer treated with preoperative chemo-radiotherapy. Acta Biomed [Internet]. 2018 Dec. 17 [cited 2024 Mar. 29];89(9-S):102-6. Available from: https://mattioli1885journals.com/index.php/actabiomedica/article/view/7881