How Stable Ischemic Heart Disease Leads to Acute Coronary Syndrome in COVID-19?

How Stable Ischemic Heart Disease Leads to Acute Coronary Syndrome in COVID-19?

Authors

  • Melika Shafeghat
  • Arya Aminorroaya
  • Nima Rezaei University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran

Keywords:

Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2, Acute Coronary Syndrome, Coronary Artery Disease, Stable Ischemic Heart Disease, Stable Coronary Artery Disease, Out-of-Hospital Cardiac Arrest, Coronavirus Disease 2019, COVID-19

Abstract

Since the beginning of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, the increased mortality risk of patients with underlying cardiovascular diseases and COVID-19 was raised. Besides, coronavirus itself enhances the incidence of myocardial injury, which suggests a two-sided relation. We aimed to discuss the role of COVID-19 in the progression of stable coronary artery disease (CAD) to acute coronary syndrome (ACS), which might lead to a greater rate of out-of-hospital cardiac arrest and a higher fatality rate of ACS during the pandemic. We briefly reviewed several mechanisms in this regard: Systemic inflammation and cytokine release in critical patients; Plaque rupture and coronary thrombosis; Dysregulation of cytotoxic T-cell lymphocytes; Malignant ventricular arrhythmias. We reinforce applying more attention to COVID-19 patients with stable CAD during follow-up to prevent progression to ACS. These individuals should seriously observe World Health Organization protocols to avoid virus transmission by carriers.

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Published

03-11-2021

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Section

REVIEWS/FOCUS ON - SPECIAL COVID19

How to Cite

1.
Shafeghat M, Aminorroaya A, Rezaei N. How Stable Ischemic Heart Disease Leads to Acute Coronary Syndrome in COVID-19? . Acta Biomed. 2021;92(5):e2021512. doi:10.23750/abm.v92i5.12013