Parotid gland/Parotide (C07.9) - High-grade epithelial carcinoma arising in a low-grade epithelialmyoepithelial carcinoma of the parotid gland: a rare case report with immunohistochemical and molecular analysis / Carcinoma epiteliale ad alto grado insorto nel contesto di carcinoma epitelialemioepiteliale a basso grado della ghiandola parotide. Raro case report con analisi immunoistochimica e biomolecolare
Keywords:
parotid, myoepithelial, high-grade carcinoma, parotide, mioepiteliale, carcinoma ad alto gradoAbstract
Summary. A case of high-grade epithelial carcinoma arising in a low-grade epithelial-myoepithelial carcinoma of the parotid gland is described. The patient was a 52 year-old male who presented a parotideal lump of approximately 20 mm in diameter and underwent excisional surgery. Histologically a typical low-grade epithelial myoepithelial carcinoma was evidenced and, in its context, an area of 7 x 4 mm showing focal aspects of a high-grade adenocarcinoma. The immunohistochemical pattern of the ductal epithelial cells of the low-grade component was similar to that of the epithelial cells of the high-grade carcinoma. The Ki-67 labelling index of the epithelial-myoepithelial carcinoma was 5%, whereas that of the high-grade lesion was 30%. EGFR, p53 and HER-2 genes seem to play no role in the biological behaviour of the tumour, as well as p16CDKN2A, BRAF, NRAS and C-KIT genes studied with biomolecular methods in both the high-grade and low-grade components. No local recurrence occurred after surgery, but multiple bone, cutaneous and lung metastases were detected 10 months later. The patient died 19 months after diagnosis.Carcinoma epiteliale ad alto grado insorto nel contesto di carcinoma epiteliale-mioepiteliale a basso grado della ghiandola parotide. Raro case report con analisi immunoistochimica e biomolecolare
Descriviamo in questo articolo un raro caso di carcinoma epiteliale ad alto grado insorto nel contesto di un carcinoma epiteliale - mioepiteliale a basso grado della parotide. Il paziente era un maschio di 52 anni con una lesione parotidea di circa 20 mm, la quale è stata asportata chirurgicamente. L’esame istologico ha evidenziato un carcinoma epiteliale-mioepiteliale a basso grado con un area di 7 x 4 mm con aspetti focali di adenocarcinoma ad alto grado. L’analisi immunoistochimica ha messo in evidenza una certa similitudine tra le cellule epiteliali duttali della componente a basso grado e le cellule epiteliali della componente ad alto grado. L’indice Ki-67 era 5% nella prima e 30% nella seconda. I geni EGFR, p53 e HER-2 non sembrano rivestire alcun ruolo nel determinare il comportamento biologico della neoplasia, come del resto i geni p16CDKN2A, BRAF, NRAS e C-KIT, esaminati con tecniche di biologia molecolare in entrambe le componenti. Non c’è stata recidiva locale in seguito all’intervento chirurgico, ma circa 10 mesi dopo sono state evidenziate multiple metastasi a livello osseo, cutaneo e polmonare. Il paziente è deceduto 19 mesi dopo la diagnosi.
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